Lecture 38: Female Reproduction

Question 1

what controls female reproductive cycle

Answer 1

monthly hormone cycle from:

ant pit
hypothal
ovary

Question 2

Ovarian cycle def

Answer 2

changes in ovary during and after maturation of oocyte

Question 3

uterine cycle

Answer 3

prep of uterus to receive fertilized ovum

if implantation doesnt happen, shed functionalis (menstration)

Question 4

Ovarian cycle

Answer 4

follicular phase
ovulatory phase
luteal phase

Question 5

Uterine cycle

Answer 5

menstrual phase
prolifereative phase
secretory phase

Question 6

3 phases that encompas both ovary and uterus

Answer 6

Menstrual phase
preovulatory phase
ovulation
postovulatory phase

Question 7

Menstrual Phase Overview days

Answer 7

about 5 days

first day= begining of 28 day cycle

Question 8

Menstrual Phase in ovary

Answer 8

20 follicles begin to develop 6 days earlier

now the start secreting estrogin

fluid filling antrum from granulosa cells

Question 9

Menstrual Phase in uterus

Answer 9

dec progesteron levels= spiral arteries to constrcict, glandular tissue degenerates

strat funct. sloughed off w/ 50-250 mL blood

Question 10

Preovulatory Phase days

Answer 10

days 6-13 (most variable)

Question 11

Preovulatory Phase in ovary

Answer 11

Follicular Phase! (day 1-14)

follicular secretion of estrogen and inhibin SLOWS FSH secretion

dominant follicle emerges (day 6)

by 14 days: graafian follicle enlraged and bulges at surface

inc estrogen=secrete LH

Question 12

Preovulatory Phase in uterus

Answer 12

proliferative Phase

inc estrogen repair and thicken functionalis to 4-10 mm thick

Question 13

Postovulatory

Answer 13

most consistant: about 14 days

Question 14

Postovulatory in ovary

Answer 14

Luteal phase

fertiliation doesnt occur= form albicans

YES TO FERTILIZATION= developing embryo secrete human chronic gonadotropin

this maintains health of corpus luteum and hormonal secretions

Question 15

Postovulatory in uterus

Answer 15

Secretory phase

hormones from corpus luteum promote thickening of endometrium to 12-18 mm

form of more endometrial glands and vascularization

IF NO FERTILIZATION: mentral phase starts

Question 16

Ovulation

Answer 16

high levels estronges from maturing follicles=release of more GnRH and LH

GnRHmakes more FSH and H release

LH surge brings about ovulation

Question 17

Hormonal Reg: GnRH

Answer 17

secreted by hypothal
controls female reproductive cycle

stims ant pit to relase LH and FSH

Question 18

Hormonal Reg: FSH

Answer 18

initiate growth of follicles tht secrete estrogen

estrogen maintains reproductive organs

Question 19

Hormonal Reg: LH

Answer 19

stim ovulation

promotes formation of corpus luteum (secretes estrogens, progesterone relaxin, inhibin)

Question 20

progeesterone

Answer 20

preps uterus for implntation

mammary glands for milk secretion

Question 21

relaxin

Answer 21

facilitates implantation in relaxed uterus

Question 22

inhibin

Answer 22

inhibits secretion of FSH

Question 23

Follicular Phase! (day 1-14)

Answer 23

8-15 primary follicles

FSH: antrum development and estradiol secretion

one dominant follcile rises

Estradiol peak b4 LH surge

Question 24

Ovulatory phase

Answer 24

day 14

LH surge stims ovulation of mature follicle

Question 25

Luteal phase

Answer 25

days 15-28
corpus luteum forms

CL secretes progesteron and estradiol

Luteolysis starts at 15 days for nonpregnant

Question 26

Mestrual phase (uterine cycle)

Answer 26

discharge of blood and endometrial tissue

Question 27

proliferative phase

Answer 27

estradiol stim growth of endometrium

thicken endometrum

Question 28

secretory phase

Answer 28

nutrients to sustain embryo

decline in progesterone and estradiol at end of phase to release prostaglandins