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HSF - Pharmacology > Lecture 30 - Autonomic pharmacology > Flashcards

Lecture 30 - Autonomic pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle dystonia

A

Unwanted muscle contractions

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2
Q

Two neurotransmitters of major importance in the autonomic nervous system

A

Acetylcholine

Noradrenaline

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3
Q

Neurotransmitter at somatic nerve synapse

A

Acetylcholine

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4
Q

Neurotransmitter between pre- and post-ganglionic cells in parasympathetic

A

Acetylcholine

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5
Q

Neurotransmitter between post-ganglionic call and effector site in parasympathetic

A

Acetylcholine

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6
Q

Neurotransmitter between pre- and post-ganglionic cells in sympathetic

A

Acetylcholine

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7
Q

Neurotransmitter between post-ganglionic neuron and effector site in sympathetic

A

Norepinephrine

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8
Q

ACh nitoctinic receptor

A

Ligand-gated ion channel

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9
Q

ACh muscarinic receptor

A

GPCR

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10
Q

Adrenoceptor

A

GPCR

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11
Q

Muscarinic agonist in deadly nightshade

A

Atropine

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12
Q

Nicotinic receptor antagonist in curare

A

D-tubocurarine

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13
Q

ACh effect on muscarinic receptors

A

Decrease blood pressure

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14
Q

ACh effect on nicotinic receptors

A

Increase blood pressure

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15
Q

Alpha-adrenoceptor effect on blood pressure

A

Increase

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16
Q

Beta-adrenoceptor effect on heart rate

A

Increase

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17
Q

Receptors on post-ganglionic parasympathetic neuron

A

Nicotinic ACh receptor

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18
Q

Receptors on post-ganglionic sympathetic neuron

A

Nicotinic ACh receptor

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19
Q

Receptors on parasympathetic effector site

A

Muscarinic ACh receptor

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20
Q

Receptors on sympathetic effector site

A

alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors

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21
Q

Receptors on somatic effector site

A

Nicotinic ACh receptors

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22
Q

Vascular innervation

A

Sympathetic

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23
Q

Dopamine is a precursor of…

A

Noradrenaline

24
Q

Reasons for manipulating CNS

A

Controls somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Can have a wide effect.

25
Q

Uses for Na+ blockers

A

Block action potentials
Anti-epileptics
Local anaesthetics

26
Q

L-DOPA use

A

Dopamine precursor

27
Q

Pseudoephedrine mode of action
1)
2)
3)

A

1) Displaces noradrenaline stored in vesicles
2) Displaced noradrenaline crosses synapse, stimulates post-synaptic cell.
3) Mimics sympathetic nervous system activation

28
Q

Pseudoephedrine use

A

Nasal decongestant

Getting high

29
Q

Moclobemide

A

MAOI

Increases noradrenaline ‘leak’ from sympathetic neurons

30
Q

Botulinum toxin A mode of action

A

Blocks ACh release from presynaptic membrane
Botox is proteolytic
Degrades SNARE proteins

31
Q

Uptake channels
1)
2)

A

1) Uptake 1 - High affinity, neuronal uptake

2) Uptake 2 - Low affinity, extraneuronal uptake

32
Q

Cocaine and tricyclic effects

A

Inhibit uptake 1 of noradrenaline

33
Q

Neostigmine effects

A

Acetylcholineeseterase inhibitor

34
Q

Neostigmine theraputic uses

A

Myasthenia gravis
Increases effective half-life of ACh.
Not a cure. Only treats symptoms

35
Q

Beta-1 adrenoceptor agonists

A

Isoprenaline, dobutamine

36
Q

Beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists

A

Salbutamol

37
Q

Beta-1 and beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists

A

Isoprenaline

38
Q

Beta-1 and beta-2 antagonists

A

Propranolol

39
Q

Beta-1 adrenoceptor antagonist

A

Atenolol

40
Q

Dobutamine use

A

Increases heart rate and force of contraction

41
Q

Atenolol use

A

Reduces blood pressure

42
Q

Salbutamol use

A

Asthma

43
Q

Effects of beta-1 adrenoceptor stimulation

A

Increase heart rate, force of contraction

44
Q

Effects of beta-2 adrenoceptor stimulation

A

Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

45
Q

Alpha-1 adrenoceptor stimulation

A

Vasoconstriction

46
Q

Phenylephrine uses

A

Nasal decongestant

47
Q

Phenylephrine mode of action

A

alpha-1 adrenoceptor agonist

48
Q

Prazosin use

A

Reduce hypertension

49
Q

Prazosin mode of action

A

Alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist

50
Q

Effects of stimulating muscarinic receptors

A

Smooth muscle contraction
Decrease in heart rate
Increased glandular secretion

51
Q

Muscarinic receptor agonist

A

Pliocarpine

52
Q

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

A

Atropine

53
Q

Pilocarbine use

A

Glaucoma treatment

54
Q

Atropine use:
1)
2)
3)

A

1) Dry up secretions and bronchiodilation for anaesthesia and surgery
2) Bronchiodilator for asthma
3) Coounteract anticholineesterase poisoning

55
Q

Effects of nicotinic receptor stimulation:
1)
2)

A

1) Skeletal muscle contraction

2) Ganglionic transmission

56
Q

D-tubocurarine

A

Nicotinic receptor antagonist

HSF - Pharmacology (7 decks)

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