Lecture 3 - Protozoans

Question 1

Protozoans are ..-.., …, .. and … organisms, they’re complex.

Answer 1

Single-celled, eukaryotic, motile, heterotrophic

-heterotrophic means take in some food

Question 2

Protozoans have a …, meaning they have a … and cell membrane

Answer 2

pellicle, cytoskeleton

Question 3

Some Protozoa have a test, which is a … surface secreted by the … itself

Answer 3

hard, cell

Question 4

Protozoa may move using …, ..

Answer 4

flagella, cilia

Question 5

Ciliated movement is done by the beating of …. waves, they go … afterwards so movement can continue

Answer 5

metachronal, floppy

• sequential beating, not beating as one
• if didn’t flop would just push back way they came

Question 6

Pinocytosis is a feeding mechanism, in which a high concentration of food particles is taken in via …

Answer 6

vesicles

-for small particles

Question 7

Receptor mediated endocytosis occurs when food substrate bind to … on the cell membrane

Answer 7

receptors

Question 8

Phagocytosis is engulfment of …, … or other … This is less specific, but more suited to … foods.

Answer 8

food, bacteria, protozoans, larger

Question 9

Substrates in vesicles get broken down by ….

Answer 9

lysosomes

Question 10

Contractile vacuoles are used for ..

Answer 10

osmoregulation

-contractile vacuoles expel excess water on contraction

Question 11

Asexual haploid reproduction occurs via ..

Answer 11

fission

Question 12

The alternation of generations provides an example of the … ..

Answer 12

haplodiploid cycle

Question 13

The … theory suggests the origin of protozoans

Answer 13

endosymbiont

Question 14

Amoeboid reproduction is usually …

Answer 14

asexual

Question 15

Spore-forming protozoans have … and .. reproduction

Answer 15

sexual, asexual

Question 16

Flagellates reproduce … ways

Answer 16

both (binary fission for asexual)

Question 17

Cillitates reproduce … with the macronucelus and … with micronuclei

Answer 17

asexual, sexually (conjugation)

Question 18

Amoeboids move mainly via ….

Answer 18

pseudopodia

Question 19

Spore-forming protozoa are spread by … cells, known as ..

Answer 19

infectious, sporozoites

Question 20

flagellates use their .. to move

Answer 20

flagella

Question 21

ciliates beat in … waves

Answer 21

meatchronal

Question 22

amoeboids may be …-… or … in terms of their mode of life

Answer 22

free-living, parasitic

Question 23

spore-forming protozoa are ..

Answer 23

parasitic

Question 24

flagellates may be ..-…, … or …

Answer 24

free-living, symbiotic (trichonympha), parasitic (trpanosoma)

Question 25

ciliates may be …-… or …

Answer 25

free-living, sessile

Question 26

amoebae may be carried to the …, … and ..

Answer 26

liver, lungs, brain

-infection by ingesting ameboid cyst.