Lecture 3: Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

The skeletal system provides mechanical support for movement and protection for vital organs. Another function is that it provides us with our shape and size. The skeletal system also has hematopoietic function where new cells are produced such as bone marrow and blood cells. Another function is to regulate mineral homeostasis including the regulation of calcium.

Question 2

Briefly describe the bone structure?

Answer 2

Bone is a type of connective tissue comprised of 65% inorganic matrix and 35% organic matrix. Calcium hydroxyapatite accounts for 99% of calcium providing the structure with a ‘strong’ and ‘hard’ element.

Question 3

Describe the process of bone mineralisation?

Answer 3

Bone mineralisation is the process of forming matrix to mineralisation 12-15 days. It begins with an osteoid - an unmineralised bone. Osteoblasts - form a new bone matrix where they will synthesise, transport and arrange proteins. Osteocytes derive from osteoblasts lies within fully formed bone which communicate via canaliculi. Osteoclasts are the cell which then breaks down bone tissue, this is critical for function, maintenance repair and remodelling of bone.