Lecture 3, Life Processes 3 Flashcards
Cell membranes are semi-permeable, what are their main three transport functions?
Channels for facilitated passive diffusion, Na+/K+ ATPase for active transport, and endocytosis/exocytosis.
What are our cells receptors called?
Neurotransmitters/hormones
What is the cytoskeleton of a cell?
A network of interlinking protein strands used for connecting organelles, shape of the cell, and transport within the cell.
What is contained in the nucleus of a cell?
The cell’s DNA and all information needed to code proteins/ribosomes.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell?
A construction warehouse where smooth ER has enzymes to build lipids, and rough ER to build proteins, and a phospholipid bilayer for easy interaction with cell membrane.
What does rough ER do more specifically?
They convert genetic code into amino acids, build proteins.
What is the role of the golgi apparatus?
Made of layers of phospholipid bilayer membrane, protein processing, and packaging.
What are the mitochondria?
The ‘power house of the cell’, they use fuel molecules and oxygen to create ATP in a process known as cellular respiration.
What % of the blood is plasma, and what makes up that % of plasma.
55% plasma, made up of 92% water, 7% plasma proteins (albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, and enzymes and hormones), and 1% other solutes.
What % of the blood consists of ‘solids’?
45% formed elements consisting of 99.9% red blood cells, and <0.1% platelets and white blood cells.
What is the role of plasma proteins in the blood?
Help transport lipids and other substances.
What are some main functions of plasma proteins?
Injury recovery, help form blood clots, regenerate blood when lost.
What is albumin?
The most common plasma protein (half of all plasma protein), helps keep water in the blood, therefore is helpful to restore blood volume after bleeding.
What do globulins and leukocytes do?
Protect the body from toxins and pathogens.
