lecture 3: cervical spine Flashcards
what is considered the upper cervical spine
Occipital condyles, C1 and C2
vertebrae
what is considered the mid cervical spine
C3 to C6 vert
what is considered the lower C spine
C7-T4
what is unique to the C spine
transverse foramen
at the atlas (C1) there is no what ? (2)
vertebral body or spinous p[rocess
the atlas has 2 large ___ ____ ____
concave superior facets
how are the inferior facets at the atlas
slightly convex
where are the facets located in the atlas
along anterior arch fro dens of C2
what is the primary function of the axis (C2)
transmit load from head and atlas
rotate head and atlas
the axis vertebral body extends ____ and projects the odontoid process ____
inferiorly
superiorly
what does the dens of C2 have anteriorly and posteriorly
facet anteriorly for the atlas and groove posteriorly for transverse ligament
Superior facet of the axis face ___ and ___- slightly ___
upward and outward
slightly convex
inferior facet of the axis face ___ and ___- slightly ___
Inferior facet face downward and forward- slighty concave
what is the coupling motion of C1/C2 segment of the c spine
contralateral
so when the head rotates to the right what does the C1 do
SB to the left
are teh vertebral bodies of C3-C7 small or large
small
what creates stability and decreased likeihood of disc hernimation in C3-C7
uncinate process
how is the supper facet joints of C3-C7 shaped? what way does it face ? what planes does it angel between
flat and oval shaped
face superior and anterior
angle between transverse and frontal plane
the inferior facet joints of C3-C7 face what way and angle closed to what plane
face inferiorly and anteriorly
angle closer to the frontal plane
how do u check the flexibility of the suboccipitals
patient is supine and PT stabilizes C2 vertebra posteriorly
stabilize head between examiner hand and ipsilateral shoulder on pateitns forehead.
PT moves the pt head into cervical flexion until motion at C2
should flex 20-25°
how do u check the flexibility of anterior and middle scalene (L side)
pt lies supine with the occipital supported by the PT right hand w R shoulder on the pt forehead for stabilization
PT stabilized teh superomedial clavicle and 1st rib with the left hand , PT extends the lower cervical then right side bends and left rotates until a stretch is felt to assess the L scalence
SB away and rotate towards
how to check flexibility of R levator scapulae and posterior scalence
pt in supine , PT traps R superior scap w right head and depress the scap , then cradles the occiput w left hand then moves the pt head into flexion , L SB and L rotation
stabilize ipsi scap and sb and rotate contral
how do u test the flexibility of the upper traps
pt lies supine , PT grabs the r superior proximal scapula w R hand , depressing the scap
PT cradles teh occiput with the left hand and shoulder w forehead
PT slightly flexes , L side bends
flex and SB away
