Lecture 3: Cervical Medical Screening Flashcards
What is the definition of yellow flag in the C spine?
pain associated with psychological distress that adversely affect outcomes for ms pain, fear of movement
What are some serious pathological neck conditions?
neoplastic, fractures, upper cervical ligament instability, VBI systemic dz, cardiac
What are some indications that neck pain could be neoplastic?
over 50, unexplained weight loss, no relief of sx, night pain, prior history of cancer
What types of cancer most commonly metastasize to the neck/spine?
breast, lung prostate
What is a pan coast tumor?
carcinoma in apex of lung, can present as neck/shoulder pain or C7-T1 palsy
pt likely over 50 and hx of smoking
What are some sx of pan coast?
weakness or atrophy or intrinsic hand muscles, Horner’s syndrome if affecting sympathetic ganglia (constriction of pupil and drooping of eyelid on same side of tumor)
ulnar nerve distribution
When should you be suspicious of a cervical fracture?
major trauma w/o medical clearance or minor trauma in pts with osteoporosis
sx: severe limitation in all neck AROM
What tools are best for determining fx?
- canadian C spine clinical prediction rule (better diagnostic accuracy)
- Nexus
What are risk factors for ligamentous instability?
major trauma, DS, RA, prolonged steroid use, connective tissue disorder
What are sx of ligamentous instability?
severe limitation during neck AROM in all directions, signs of cervical myelopathy, occipital headache and numbness
What are sx of systemic dz?
high temp over 98.6, BP greater than 160/95, resting pulse over 100, RR over 25, excessive fatigue
During exam what medical screening questions should be asked before performing ROM?
any dizziness, arthritis, steroid use, anticoagulants, neuro signs, respiratory hx, imaging
What are 4 self report outcome measures for cervical spine?
- Neck Disability index
- patient specific functional scale
- global rating of change
- Fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire
What are important things to remember about posture assessment?
see static and dynamic
What shoulder motions should be tested for neck exam?
active elevation, Abduction, ABD/ER, Add/IR