Lecture 3 Angiosperm Morphology

Question 1

Phyllotaxis

Answer 1

Different leaf arrangements

Question 2

Alternate

Answer 2

Single leaf grows at each node, alternating sides going up the stem

Question 3

Opposite

Answer 3

Two leaves grow at the same node directly across from each other

Question 4

Decussate

Answer 4

Forms X shaped like pattern when viewed above

Question 5

Verticillate

Answer 5

Three or more leaves grow at the same node forming a circular arrangement around the stem

Question 6

Stipule

Answer 6

Small leaflike structure found at base of petiole

Question 7

Petiole

Answer 7

The stalk that joins the leaf to the stem

Question 8

Entire Leaf

Answer 8

smooth, unbroken edges

Question 9

Lobbed

Answer 9

Leaf with deep indentations but not separate leaflets

Question 10

Trifoliolate

Answer 10

compound leaf with 3 leaflets

Question 11

Pinnate

Answer 11

a compound leaf with leaflets arranged on either side of central stem

Question 12

Fascicle

Answer 12

a cluster of leaves growing from a single point or node

Question 13

Palmate

Answer 13

compound leaf with leaflets spreading from a single point

Question 14

Bipinnate

Answer 14

a twice divided pinnate leaf with leaflets divided into smaller leaflets

Question 15

Tripinnate

Answer 15

a thrice divided leaf with even smaller subdivisions

Question 16

Inflorescence

Answer 16

arrangements of flowers on a plant

Question 17

Raceme

Answer 17

main stem grows continuously and flowers bloom from bottom upwards

Question 18

Umbel

Answer 18

all flowers arise from a single point

Question 19

Petals

Answer 19

brightly coloured structures in the flower, attract pollinators and form the corolla together

Question 20

Sepals

Answer 20

small leaflike structures at the flower base, protect bud before it blooms and forms the calyx

Question 21

Tepals

Answer 21

when petals and sepals are indistinguishable and most commonly found in monocots

Question 22

Actinomorphic

Answer 22

flower can be divided into equal halves in any way

Question 23

Zygomorphic

Answer 23

Bilateral symmetry, only symmetrical in one plane

Question 24

Asymmetrical

Answer 24

no symmetry

Question 25

Androecium

Answer 25

male part of the flower, consists of stamens which are composed of anthers and filaments. Stamens can be free, grouped or fused

Question 26

Gynoecium

Answer 26

female part of flower consisting of stigma, style and ovary to form the carpel.

Question 27

Hypogynous

Answer 27

superior ovary, sits above other parts of flower

Question 28

Perigynous

Answer 28

Half inferior ovary, partially inside receptacle

Question 29

Epigynous

Answer 29

Ovary inside receptacle

Question 30

Pollination

Answer 30

transfer of pollen from male anther to female stigma leading to fertilization

Question 31

Floral Resources

Answer 31

Pollen and nectar

Question 32

Pollination dispersal Methods

Answer 32

Wind, Water, Bees, Beetles, Birds, Bats, Wolves, Butterfly, Moth

Question 33

Fruit Dispersal

Answer 33

Water, Wind, Animal,