Lecture 3: ABXs Flashcards
MC bacterial cause of Pharyngitis
MC bacterial cause of Pharyngitis = GAS
Pt presents w/ sudden onset of sore throat, fever, tonsillar inflam and exudates and anterior cervical adenopathy but no cough.
Dx?
1st line Tx? and for how long ?
Dx = Bacterial Pharyngitis (GAS)
Tx = PCN V for 10 days
Pharyngitis Tx
- ABX tx for kids
- Tx if PCN allergic
Pharyngitis Tx
- ABX tx for kids = Amoxicillin
- Tx if PCN allergic = Macrolide (mycins) –> clinda, Azithro
What is the MC bacterial cause of UTIs
MC bacterial cause of UTIs = E. coli
UTI Dx
- Common dx test
- Definitive Dx
UTI Dx
- common dx test = UA
- Defintive Dx test = Urine culture (CLEAN CATCH)
Pt presents w/ c/o burning while peeing, increased freq and urgency. On you UA you note + nitrites and leuk esterases
Dx?
1st line Tx?
Dx = UTI
1st line Tx = Nitrofurantin
- Fluroquinolones
- Bactrim
What is typicall Txs for UTIs in pregnant women
Preg women w/UTI –> Amox or Augmentin
How to Dx Otitis Media
H&P
What is the MC bacterial cause of Otitis Media
what is AOM (bacterial) usually preceded by?
Strep pneumo = MC bacterial cause of Otitis Media
- others = H. influ, M. catarralis
- AOM usually preceded by viral URI
16 mo old pt presents w/ fever, ear pain and tugging or R ear, hearing loss in R ear and stuffiness. On exam you see a bulging TM w/effusion.
Dx & 1st line Tx
Dx = Otitis Media
1st line = Amoxicillin
What is the tx of AOM if pt had recent ABX therapy (2 options)
Tx of AOM if pt had recent ABX therapy
- Augmentin
- Oral Cephalosporin
Bacterial Meningitis:
MC cause in < 1 mo
Bacterial Meningitis:
MC cause in < 1 mo = GBS
Bacterial Meningitis:
MC cause in 1 mo - 18 y/o
Bacterial Meningitis:
MC cause in 1 mo - 18 y/o = Neisseria Meningiditis
Bacterial Meningitis:
MC cause in 18 - 50 y/o
Bacterial Meningitis:
MC cause in 18 - 50 y/o = Strep Pneumo
Bacterial Meningitis:
Causes in > 50
Main cause in immunocompromised
Bacterial Meningitis:
Causes in > 50 = Listeria, S. pneumo
Main cause in immunocompromised = Listeria
What ABX must add on for pts > 50 or immunocompromised (cover listeria)
pts > 50 or immunocompromised (cover listeria)
- Ampicillin
26 y/o pt presents w/ fevers and chills, HA, neck stiffness, photsensitivity and N/V. On exam she is (+) for Kernig’s and Brudzinki’s
Dx?
Tx (for this age group)
Dx = Bacterial Meningitis
Tx for age group
- Cefotaxime or Ceftriaxone + Vanco