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MIS > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is IT infrastructure?

A

device + software + service

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2
Q

What are the 3 major levels of IT infrastructure?

A

Public, enterprise, business unit

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3
Q

Explain the evolution of IT infrastructure

A
  1. mainframe/minicomputer (1959-)
  2. personal computer (1981)
  3. client/server (1983)
  4. enterprise computing (1992)
  5. cloud and mobile computing (2000)
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4
Q

What are the 5 technology drivers of infrastructure evolution?

A
  1. Moore’s law and microprocessing power
  2. The law of mass digital storage
  3. Metcalfe’s law and network economics
  4. Declining communication costs and the internet
  5. Standards and network effects
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5
Q

What is the Moore’s law?

A

computing power doubles at every 18 months and cost decreases half at every 18 months. Therefore, every person can get info tech eventually in the future

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6
Q

What is the Metcalfe’s law?

A

It talks about the relationship between value and node.

Means that value of network is increasing along with the participants of network (Node = user of technology or network)

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7
Q

Explain the declining communications costs and the internet

A

Cost per kilobit is decreasing (=unit cost is decreasing, but the total cost is increasing)

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8
Q

What is the video tape standard?

A

VHS

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9
Q

What kind of components are there in infrastructure?

A
  1. Hardware platforms
  2. Operating system platforms
  3. Data management and storage
  4. Enterprise software applications
  5. Networking/telecommunications
  6. Consultants and system integrators
  7. Internet platforms
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10
Q

What types of contemporary hardware platform trends are there?

A
  1. Mobile digital platform
  2. BYOD (bring your own device)
  3. Consumersization of IT
  4. Grid computing
  5. On-demand(utility) computing
  6. Cloud computing
  7. Green computing
  8. Quantum computing
  9. High performance, power-saving processors
  10. Autonomic computing
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11
Q

What is grid computing?

A

Involves connecting geographically remote computers into a single network

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12
Q

What are the advantages of grid computing?

A

Can work in parallel on business problems that require short-term access to large computational capacity.
Rather than buying a super computer, firms can chain together thousands of smaller desktop clients into a single computing grid. So it saves cost and increases speed and agility.

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13
Q

What is an on-demand (utility) computing?

A

Paying for the computing power that you use

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14
Q

What are the advantages for on-demand computing?

A

Saves firms from purchasing excessive levels of infrastructure and excellent for firms with spiked demand curves caused by seasonal variations in consumer demand.

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15
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

Cloud computing is a combination of grid computing and on-demand computing. It is a network-base computing shared by resource(grid computing) and it is an on-demand computing (pay-per-use model).

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16
Q

What are the 3 different types of services in cloud computing?

A

Platform as a service (PAAS), Application/software as a service (SAAS), and Infrastructure as a service (IAAS)

17
Q

What are the pros and cons of cloud computing?

A

Pro:
1. We can use advanced or new technology all the time
2. Flexibility
3. Allows companies to minimize IT investments
Cons:
1. Security
2. Reliability

18
Q

Who are the top producers and top firms of hardware platforms?

A

Top producers: AMD, IBM, Intel

Top firms: IBM, HP, DELL

19
Q

What levels are there in the Operating system platforms?

A
  1. Server level (Unix, Linux, Windows)

2. Client level

20
Q

What kind of infrastructure is there in Data management and Storage?

A
  1. Database software
  2. Physical data storage
  3. Storage area networks (SANs)
21
Q

What is a quantum computing?

A

Uses quantum physics to represent and operate on data. It shows dramatic increase in computing speed

22
Q

What are the 4 major themes for contemporary software platform trends?

A
  1. Linux and open-source software
  2. Software for the web
  3. Web services and service-oriented architecture
  4. Software outsourcing
23
Q

What is an open-source software?

A

It is free and can be modified by users.
Developed and maintained by a worldwide network of programmers and designers under the management of user communities.
(Linux is the most widely used open-source software program)

24
Q

What kind of software is there for the web?

A
  1. Java (standard language, object-oriented programming language)
  2. HTML/HTML5 (used to develop web pages, web page description language, specifies how text/graphics are placed on web page, HTML5 is the latest evolution)
25
Q

What is Web Services?

A

Refers to a set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using web communication standard lanugages.
Permits computer programs to communicate with one another and share info without rewriting applications, or disturbing older legacy systems.
Based on XML, standards like SOAP, WSDL

26
Q

What is a Service-oriented architecture (SOA)?

A

Refers to the use of web services in a firm to achieve integration among disparate applications and platforms

27
Q

What are the three kinds of software outsourcing?

A
  1. Purchase of software packages
  2. Software outsourcing
  3. Cloud-based software services
28
Q

What kind of cloud-based software services are there?

A
  1. SAAS
  2. Accessed with web browser over the Internet
  3. SLA(service level agreements): formal agreement with service providers
29
Q

What are the strengths and weaknesses of outsourcing?

A

Strengths: can focus on your core capability
Weaknesses: control and dependency

30
Q

Mashup of software outsourcing and cloud services

A

It’s a combination of two or more online applications (ex: combining mapping software with local content = google maps)
You don’t have to make a new system
Can bring other system and use it

31
Q

What kind of management issues are there?

A
  1. Dealing with platform and infrastructure change
  2. Management and governance
  3. Making wise infrastructure investments
32
Q

What issues are there in management issues?

A

IT needs to be flexible and scalable.

There should be new policies and procedures for managing mobile computing and cloud computing.

MIS (4 decks)

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