Lecture 3 Flashcards
What did the process of centralizing power do over time?
The process of centralizing power in a series of different kingdoms over time, made them prone to military and administrative competition
Hegemony
Is used in international relations to talk about states that dominate a given system of small states
What did European monarchs compete for?
European monarchs competed for power on their lands with other nobility/aristocracy, and with the church
Who did the monarchs begin to work with?
The monarchs began to work with the merchant/commercial classes (Burghers or Bourgeoisie)
Who did the monarchs give to the Bourgeoise?
The monarchs gave the Bourgeoise economic and political influence to help them fight the local aristocracy
What did the monarchs have an interest in?
They were interested in encouraging trade and exploration
Louis XIV
- Was from the Bourbon family dynasty
- He hired the Bourgeoise to run major parts of his government
Mercantilism
The purpose of all economic activity is to make the state rich by ensuring it has more wealth than any other state
What started the Atlantic slave trade?
The growing labour needs of the Caribbean/American empires
The growing slave trade:
As indigenous people died, the Spanish imported slave labour from west Africa
The Columbian Exchange:
Refers to the transfer of commodities, crops, diseases and people across the Atlantic that transformed the economy and ecology of the entire world
What crop provides a good example of the interconnection between global trade and the political disruptions it can cause?
Sugarcane as it moved from Papua New Guinea to North Africa to Madeira to Hispaniola which triggered a transatlantic slave trade which began wars in West Africa
