Lecture 3 Flashcards
Number of types of periodontitis:
100+
Pyognic granuloma is aka:
pregnancy tumor, in response to hormonal alterations
Gingival hyperplasia can be caused by:
dilatin (seizure disorder), calcium channel blockers (heart disease or blood pressure)
What type of infection is a candidal infection?
yeast infection
White slougines on keratinized tissue is caused by:
any of sever autoimmune diseases
Periodontal disesase catergories:
gingival and periodontitis diseases
Most common form of gingivitis:
PAG (plaque associated gingivitis), associated with systemic factors or medications
gingivitis that is not associated with plaque accumulation
treponema pallidum, viral infections, fungal infections, allergies, chemical injuries, heat injuries
Genetic diseases that can manifest as perioditis
Downs, Papilloma fevera, Shediaca Gashi
Blood disorder that can manifest as periodontitis:
leukemia
necrotizing periodontitis:
NUG, NUP
there are about __ gingival diseases.
50
Difference between gingivitis and periodontitis:
periodontitis doesn’t affect only the gingiva, it also includes ct attachment and the alveolar bone
True or False? Gingivitis is always associated with loss of ct attachment.
F. (not associated with alveolar bone loss either)
Most common form of periodontitis:
(PAG) plaque associated gingivitis
What are the classic signs of inflammation?
redness, swelling, pain, loss of function
What color should healthy gingiva be?
coral pink
Clinical features of plaque associated gingivitis:
Redness, swelling, loss of tissue tone, increasing sulcus depth (gingival/ pseudo pocket), blow air and tissue will move away from tooth
Which type of pocket normally accumulates in gingivitis?
pseudopocket
Appearance of swollen gingiva:
glassy
Signs of mild gingivitis:
redness around papilla, slight swelling, slight loss of stippling, shiny appearance (not like orange peel), slight BOP
Why does stippling disappear in gingivitis?
gingival fibers are lost
Moderate gingivitis:
darker red, entire gingival margin is swollen, no stippling, BOP
True or False? Collagen is lost in mild gingivitis.
T. Collagen, not ct
What causes the increased red coloration of the gingival tissues in gingivitis?
capillary dilation
Blood vessels dilate in gingivitis in response to:
bacteria and plaque
Primary inflammatory infiltrate in gingivitis:
PMN’s
Causes of BOP:
enlarges gingival capillaries o ulcerated sulcular epithelium
True or False? Rapidity of BOP is directly correlated with degree of inflammation.
T
True or False? No BOP means no inflammation
F
True or False? BOP always means that there is inflammation.
F. typically
Is sulcular epithelium keratinized or non-keratinized?
non
Thinnest part of the epithelium:
junctional epithelium, base of sulcus ( which is above ct that is on the alveolar bone)
Which tissue does the probe pierce in periodontal patients?
junctional epithelium
In severe gingivitis the junctional epithelium transforms to become:
pocket epithelium
What cells line the gingival sulcus in severe gingivitis
inflammatory cells
Main indication that infammation is not due to plaque associated gingivitis:
no redness of papilla
In which direction will the gingival margin move in gingivitis?
coronally
What causes the coronal movement of the gingival margin in gingivitis?
swelling, response to plaque bacteria
What causes pseudo pockets?
gingival swelling
3 main forms of periodontitis:
chronic (most common), aggressive, from systemic disease
True or False? Juvenile periodontitis exhibits a slower progression than adult.
F. faster
Chronic periodontitis is almost always associated with:
plaque accumulation on the teeth
Type of probe we use in clinic:
Michigan O probe
Only reliable method for monitoring the progression of pocket depth:
probing
You are measuring from here to here when measuring pocket depth:
gingival margin to junctional epithelium
When is it easy to push the probe through tissue?
if the bottom of the pocket is ulcerated
True or False? First sign of periodontitis is loss of alveolar bone.
F. increased pocket depth
What must occur before you will see alveolar bone loss radiographically?
disruption of ct fibers, axial migration of ct attachment
What cause the increase in pocket depth in periodontitis?
swelling increasing height in the coronal aspect and loss of ct attachment
If you can not see the 2 hashmark on the probe, the pocket depth is:
3, round up
What is a pseudo pocket?
no ct loss
pseudopockets and periodontal pockets both have:
edema and ulcerated sulcular epithelium
periodontal pockets have these three things that pseudo pockets do not:
apical migration of junctional epithelium, loss of ct attachment, loss of alveolar bone loss
Hallmark of periodontitis in radiographs:
loss of alveolar bone
alveolar bone and alveolar crest should be at this level:
CEJ, 2-3mm apical to CEJ
Why can a periodontal patient have coral pink coloration to their gingiva?
fibrosis from long time inflammation
What can cause diastamas?
loss of bone and ct attachment (always a C? Depressible?)
Probes to explore furcations?
pigtail explorers/ nabers probe
What type or probes do we use for implants?
plastic scalers and probes
What is the difference between moderate to severe and sever periodontitis ?
moderate to severe: horizontal bone loss ++ individual vertical bone loss (up to half of the bone has been lost around a tooth), severe: multiple verticle areas of bone loss (more than half of bone lost around tooth)
How do we was the health of the gingiva?
color, form, tissue tone, and BOP
How do we assess plaque?
disclose, plaque index (all teeth or indicator teeth)
Clinical attachment loss for slight, moderate and severe periodontitis:
1-2mm, 3-4mm, greater than 5
Probing depth for slight, moderate and severe periodontitis:
4-5mm, 6-7mm, greater than 7
