Lecture 3 Flashcards
Describe two basic functions that biodegradable metals can achieve when used in cardiovascular stents.
Future stunting possible in same artery.
Temporary fixture.
What is stent restenosis and describe the current technology in place for preventing it?
Stent restenosis is the re-narrowing of an artery at the stent.
Ways to prevent restenosis is drug-eluting stents.
Name three metals that have been used in internal fixation devices.
316L Stainless Steel.
Titanium alloy.
Cobalt-Chromium alloy.
Name the metal that is considered the gold standard for use as a cardiovascular stent.
316L SS.
State two challenges of a permanent metallic stent.
Blood clots.
Permanent fixture.
Trouble inserting second stent in same artery.
State two examples of internal fracture fixation devices.
Pins.
Nails/Rods.
Screw.
Bone Plates.
Which fracture has a part of the bone twisted? A. Transverse B. Spiral C. Incomplete Fracture D. Closed Fracture
B. Spiral Fracture
What is fracture? Differentiate between open and closed fracture.
Fracture is a partial or complete break in the bone.
Open: (compound) the bone is visible through the skin.
Closed: (simple) bone is broken but the skin is intact.
State the rationale for biodegradable metals. Name two metals that are currently being investigated as a biodegradable metal material.
Specific applications need only a temporary support for healing.
Fe and Mg are metals being investigated.
State two challenges of permanent metallic fracture fixation devices.
Implant infection.
Weakens new bone tissue.
Loosening could result in another surgery.
Name and describe three types of fractures.
Incomplete fracture: broken bone not completely separated.
Transverse: break is in a straight line.
Spiral: where the bone is twisted.
What is a scaffold? Why is it used in tissue engineering?
Scaffold is an extra cellular matrix for cells.
It is used to deliver cells to desired sites, define space for formation, and guide development with appropriate function.
State two basic requirements for scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Biocompatible.
Biodegradable.
What are the two important selection criterion while deciding on the biomaterial to be used in a particular point?
Functional performance.
Biocompatibility.
