LECTURE 3 Flashcards
List the different modes of drug permeation into the body
Intracellular junctions
Lipid cell membranes
Transporters
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
How do you order a series of drugs according to their efficiency in passive diffusion?
More hydrophobic drugs = more lipophilic
– More efficient at passive diffusion
More hydrophilic drugs = more lipophobic
– Less efficient at passive diffusion
List examples of hydrophilic groups
Alcohol
Carboxylic acid
Amine
Ketone
Amide
Ester
Describe hydrophilic groups
lipophobic
Typically polar & capable of H-bond formation
Describe hydrophobic groups
Lipophilic
Typically, non-polar hydrocarbons
List examples of hydrophobic groups
Methyl
Chloro
Phenyl
Hexyl
Cyclohexyl
List common H-bond donors
- OH, - NH
List common H-bond acceptors
- O, - N
What is the effect of protonation in a drug on its solubility in water?
Lower water solubility
– neutral or + charged group
What is the effect of deprotonation in a drug on its solubility in water?
Higher water solubility
– negatively charged group