Lecture 3

Question 1

Why does testing need to be automated?

Answer 1

Manually testing sofware is inefficient, expensive and will have huge impact on metrics such as lead time for changes, change failure rate

Question 2

Why does DevOps adopt the ‘Shift Left Testing’ approach?

Answer 2

Because the closer to production you are, the more expensive defects will be to fix

Question 3

What is an example of a local environment?

Answer 3

A developer’s own machine

Question 4

What is a development environment?

Answer 4

The first environment the code reaches after leaving the developer’s machine

Question 5

What is a staging environment?

Answer 5

Should be as close to the production environment as possible

Question 6

What is the production environment?

Answer 6

Where you serve customer traffic

Question 7

What has a larger number of tests, unit tests or E2E tests?

Answer 7

Unit tests

Question 8

What has more integration/execution time and higher costs, E2E tests or integration tests?

Answer 8

E2E

Question 9

What is unit testing?

Answer 9

A way of testing small units of code that will be logically isolated in a system

Question 10

What is an example of a type of testing that’s relatively cheap and fast?

Answer 10

Unit testing

Question 11

What are examples of different frameworks used for writing automated tests?

Answer 11

NUnit, JUnit, Pytest

Question 12

What are the main features of a test framework?

Answer 12

-Library
-Test runner
-Reporting

Question 13

In the context of unit testing, what does code coverage mean?

Answer 13

To what degree the unit tests executes the source program

Question 14

What is important to remember about the reliability of code coverage?

Answer 14

Just because the code coverage of a test is 100% that doesn’t mean every possible behaviour can be predicted; code coverage can be 100% but doesn’t test to see what happens if we divide by 0 for example

Question 15

What is the difference between statement coverage and branch coverage?

Answer 15

Statement coverage means all lines of code are executed, branch coverage can be all if-statements for example

Question 16

What is TDD?

Answer 16

Software development process that relies on the repetition of a very short development cycle

Question 17

What does integration testing do?

Answer 17

Tests that different components of a software work together as a group

Question 18

If we need to do integration testing but all components aren’t finished, what can we use?

Answer 18

Stubs or drivers

Question 19

What is the difference between bottom up and top down integration testing?

Answer 19

Top down starts at the top of the module hierarchy, bottom up starts with modules that have the least amount of dependencies

Question 20

What is the Big Bang approach to integration testing?

Answer 20

Waiting until all of the components are finished to test

Question 21

What are APIs?

Answer 21

Entry-point to an application

Question 22

What are two examples of APIs exposed over a network? (Web services)

Answer 22

-REST
-SOAP

Question 23

Why do we need to test APIs?

Answer 23

To verify business logic verification, data integrity and correctness

Question 24

What is Swagger used for?

Answer 24

API testing

Question 25

How is API testing similar to Unit testing?

Answer 25

-AAA pattern
-Avoid anti patterns