Lecture 3 Flashcards
CN I
Olfactory Nerve
CN II
Optic
CN III
Oculomotor
CN IV
Trochlear
CN V
Trigeminal
CN VI
Abducens
CN VII
Facial
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
CN X
Vagus
CN XI
Accessory
CN XII
Hypoglossal
Which CN that is commonly affected by dental and oral procedures?
CN V
T or F: CN V is affected by CN VII trauma?
F
What does CN V control (motor)
Muscles of mastication
What are the muscles of mastication
temporalis, masseter, pterygoid
How do you test that the muscles of mastication are working properly?
Have the patient clench and palpate for tone and muscle bulk bilaterally
How do you test the strength of pterygoid?
have the patient try to remain in an open mouth while trying to resist closure by the clinician
What does CN VII control
muscles of facial expression (examination of asymmetry, full range of contraction by all muscles of facial expression)
which nerve innervates the pharynx and tongue?
CN IX
What does CN XII innervate?
tongue
How do you test CN XII?
Examination of tongue for atrophy and asymmetry. see if the tongue deviates to one side
What CN runs alongside CN XII
CN X
What is acromegaly?
endocrine issue in which there is excess growth hormone released by the pituitary gland
What is the clinical findings of acromegaly?
enlarged hands/feet, multiple diastema, enlarged mandible, diabetes HTN
what can limited growth cause?
lack of growth hormone, indication of a tumor, secondary to radiation therapy, and genetics
What are the clinical presentations of those with limited growth?
elevated cholesterol, low bone density, jaundice, limited growth and stature, single central incisor
What is the clinical presentation of hyperparathyroidism?
Ossifying fibroma in mandible or maxillofacial complex
What causes Rickets?
lack of Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate
What is the clinical presentation of rickets?
- caries
- enamel hypoplasia
- delayed eruption or formation of dentition
- large pulp chambers, short roots in dentition
What is type I DM?
autoimmune mediated
What is type II DM?
Insulin resistance
What tests should you order for a patient with DM?
A1c, ECG interpretation, anti-hyperglcemic medication
When looking at fasting glucose, what does that mean?
It’s snapshot of the serum glucose at time of sample blood draw
What are diabetics at risk for?
Silent MI due to diabetic neuropathy (typically masks chest pain)
What consideration should you provide for a patient when they are diabetic?
Ensure that they have pre-operative carbohydrate intake and starting glucose
What is the purpose of an insulin pump?
maintains a basal rate to ensure blood glucose stays with 90-120mg/dl
What should you do to an insulin pump when the patient is due for a long appointment?
modify basal rate in the absence of regular carbohydrate intake
What is a concern that you should be wary about when you are giving anesthetic to a diabetic?
poorly controlled chronic diabetics usually are unable to tolerate increases in heart rate or BP, which can precipitate further arrhythmias
What are the complications of diabetes?
Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar state
