Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fuel metabolism > Lecture 28- Integration of metabolism > Flashcards

Lecture 28- Integration of metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

5 central themes that serve as strategic guidelines for the organization of metabolism

A

ATP is the universal source of the chemical energy
Atp is created from oxidation of fuels
NADPH is the major electron donor in reductive Biosynthesis
Biomolecules are assembled from smaller building blocks
Biosynthetic and degradative pathways do not occur simultaneouslyby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

6 recurring strategies of Metabolic Pathways

A 
Allosteric Regulation
Covalent modification
Altering enzyme levels
Isoenzymes
Compartmentation
Metabolic specialization of the organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What metabolic pathways occurs solely in the cytosol

A

Glycolysis
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
FA Synthesis
Glycogen metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What metabolic pathways occurs solely in the mitochondria

A

TCA Cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
FA oxidation
ketone synthesis and utilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What metabolic pathways occurs in the cytosol and mitochondria

A

Gluconeogenesis

Ure Synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Substrate for Glycolysis

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Substrate(s) for TCA cycle

A

Pyruvate, acetyl CoA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Substrate(s) for Oxidative Phosphorylation

A

NADH, FADH2. O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Substrate(s) for pentose phosphate Pathway

A

Glucose-6-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Substrate(s) for glycogen synthesis

A

glucose-1-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Substrate(s) for glycogen degradation

A

glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Substrate(s) for FA degradation

A

FAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Substrate(s) for Gluconeogenesis

A

alanine, lactate, glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Substrate(s) for urea synthesis

A

ammonia, aspartate, bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

product(s) of Glycolysis

A

pyruvate, 2NADH, 2ATP, 2 pyruvate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

product(s) of TCA cycle

A

2ATP, 6NADH, 2 FADH2, 4CO2, H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

product(s) of oxidative phosphorylation

A

ATP, H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

product(s) of pentose phosphate pathway

A

pentoses, NADPH, CO2

19
Q

product(s) of glycogen synthesis

A

glycogen

20
Q

product(s) of glycogen degradation

A

Glucose-1-P, glucose

21
Q

product(s) of fatty acid synthesis

A

fatty acids and triglycerides

22
Q

product(s) of fatty acid degradation

A

acetyl-CoA, NADH, FADH2

23
Q

product(s) of gluconeogenesis

A

glucose

24
Q

product(s) of urea synthesis

A

urea

25
Q

What are the four metabolites that serve as branch point for integration pf carbs, lipids, and aa metabolism?

A

Glucose-6-phosphate
Pyruvate
Glutamate Acetyl-CoA

26
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the liver in the fed state?

A

amino Acids

27
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the skeletal muscles in the fed state?

A

glucose. FAs

28
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the brain/RBC

A

glucose

29
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the small intestine in fed state

A

glutamine

30
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the kidney in the fed state

A

FAs, glucose, lactate

31
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the liver in the fasted state

A

FAs

32
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the skeletal muscle in the fasted state

A

FAs, ketones

33
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the brain/RBC in the fasted state

A

glucose/ketones

34
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the Small intestines in fasted state

A

glutamine and ketones

35
Q

What is the major fuel reserve for the kidney in the fasted state?

A

FAs, ketones, glutamine

36
Q

What metabolic process occurs in the fed and fasted state in the liver

A

glycogen synthesis and lipogenesis

glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

37
Q

What does insulin do to adipose tissue?

A

stimulates GLUT 4 and lipoprotein lipase

38
Q

What does glucagon, epinephrine, and ACTH do to adipose tissue?

A

stimulates hormone-sensitive lipase (inhibited by insulin)

39
Q

What enzymes have increased activity with dephosphorylation?

A 
PFK2
pyruvate dehydrogenase
pyruvate kinase 
glycogen synthase
acetyl-CoA carboxylase
40
Q

What enzymes are inhibited by insulin

A

G6Pase

PEPCK

41
Q

What enzyme have increased activity with phosphorylation?

A

FBPase2

Glycogen Phosphorylase

42
Q

What enzyme have decreased activity with phosphorylation?

A

pyruvate kinase
pyruvate DH
acetyl-coa carboxylase
glycogen synthase

43
Q

What enzyme are synthesized in response to cAMP and glucocorticoids

A

Glu-6-pase
PEPCK
urea cycle enzyme

Fuel metabolism (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions