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Module 5 > Lecture 28 and 29 > Flashcards

Lecture 28 and 29 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the TBW in males?

A

60%

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2
Q

What is the total body water in females?

A

55%

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3
Q

What portion of Total body water makes up the Extracellular fluid?

A

1/3

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4
Q

What portion of the body makes up intracellular fluid?

A

2/3

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5
Q

What should be found in normal urine?

A
  • Water
  • Salts
  • metabolites
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6
Q

What should not be found in urine?

A
  • Large proteins
  • RBC
  • Glucose
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7
Q

What are the main components of the urinary system?

A
  • 2 Kidneys
  • 2 Ureters
  • Urinary Bladder
  • Urethra
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8
Q

Where are the kidneys located?

A

At T12-L3 of the vertebra (11th and 12th rib)

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9
Q

The medial surface of the kidneys has a concave notch called the?

A

Hilum

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10
Q

What surrounds the kidney?

A

A fibrous capsule

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11
Q

How many functional lobes in the kidney?

A

5-11 lobes

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12
Q

A kidney lobe is made up largely of?

A

Nephrons.

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13
Q

Urine in the kidney drains from each ______ and collects in a ____

A

Papilla, calyx

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14
Q

Calyces join to form ____ ____

A

Renal pelvis

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15
Q

The pelvis in the kidney narrows as it exits the hilum to become the _____

A

Ureter

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16
Q

Filtration occurs in the ___ of the kidney

A

cortex

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17
Q

The afferent arteriole delivers blood from the _____ to the ______

A

arteries, glomerulus

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18
Q

The glomerulus is made of _____ _____ and is where filtration occurs

A

Glomerular capillaries

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19
Q

The efferent arteriole carries ___ from the ____ to the ______ capillaries

A

Blood, glomerulus, peritubular

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20
Q

The ______ capillaries carry ____ to the ______

A

peritubular, blood, veins

21
Q

Innervation is from a network of _____ nerves and ___ called the ___ plexus

A

autonomic, ganglia, renal

22
Q

What are the 2 types of nephrons?

A
  • Corticol

- Juxtamedullary nephrons

23
Q

Where are cortical nephrons located?

A

In the cortex

24
Q

What percentage of nephrons do the cortical nephrons make up?

A

85%

25
Q

Where are jxtamedullary nephrons located?

A

They extend deep into the medulla.

26
Q

Each nephron is comprised of?

A

A glomerular capsule, renal tubules, a collecting duct

27
Q 
Glomerular capillaries have thin walled layer of? 
A. Stratified squamous cells
B. Psuedostratified epithelial cells 
C. Fenestrated endothelial cells 
D. Fenestrated epithelial cells
A

C

28
Q

The peritubular capillaries receive blood from the ____ via ____ arterioles

A

glomerulus, efferent

29
Q

What is the vasa recta

A

Extensions that follow loops of Henle deep into the medulla

30
Q

Where are vasa recta located?

A

Only found with juxtamedullary nephrons

31
Q

What is the renal corpuscle?

A

The glomerulus enclosed by the glomerular

32
Q

2 Layers of the glomerular capsule are?

A

The outer parietal layer of simple squamous cells. The inner visceral layer of podocytes.

33
Q

What are podocytes?

A

They surround the glomerular capillaries. Very branched with specialised epithelium.

34
Q

Filtration slits form between ____

A

Pedicles

35
Q 
Which of the following is not a component of the blood-urine barrier 
A. Fused basement membrane 
B. Filtration slits 
C. Podocytes 
D. Pedicels 
E. Sinusoidal endothelium
A

E

36
Q

What type of epithelial cells is in the PCT?

A

Cuboidal

37
Q

The PCT has a highly folded _____ membrane

A

basolateral

38
Q

The PCT has many ______ for active transport

A

Mitochondria

39
Q

The PCT has a ____ epithelium

A

leaky

40
Q

The nephron loops is surrounded by _____

A

Vasa recta

41
Q

The thick descending limb is made up of what type of epithelial cells?

A

Cuboidal

42
Q

The thin ascending and descending limb have what type of epithelium?

A

Simple squamoius

43
Q

The DCT has ____ epithlium but it is thinner than the PCT

A

Cuboidal

44
Q

Which statement is correct
A. The distal convoluted tubule has simple squamous endothelium
B. The DCT is thicker than the PCT
C. The DCT has no brush border and fewer mitochondria
D. Reabsorption in the DCT is influenced by CCK

A

C

45
Q

Reabsorption in the collecting duct and DCT is influenced by?

A

Aldosterone

46
Q

Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located?

A

Where the DCT lies against afferent arteriole

47
Q

Chemoreceptors detect?

A

Na+ levels

48
Q

Mechanoreceptors detect?

A

Blood pressure

49
Q

The cells that form the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule are called?

A

Podocytes

Module 5 (3 decks)

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