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Anatomy Final Test 4 lets get it > Lecture 27 Nerves of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Lecture 27 Nerves of the Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the brachial plexus?

A
  • provides somatomotor and somatosensory innervation to the upper extremity
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2
Q

Does the brachial plexus supply sympathetics?

A
  • Yes
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3
Q

Where does the brachial plexus arise from?

A
  • cervical enlargement of spinal cord
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4
Q

What forms the brachial plexus?

A
  • the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve roots C5-T1
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5
Q

What is the pathway of the brachial plexus?

A
  • these spinal nerve roots emerge from the intervetrebral foramina of cervical vertebrae and pass between the anterior and middle scalene muscles of the neck
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6
Q

Where does the brachial plexus emerge from?

A
  • the intervertebral foramina
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7
Q

What muscles does the brachial plexus pass between?

A
  • anterior and middle scalene muscles
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8
Q

What rami is the brachial plexus comprised of?

A
  • ventral

dorsal would go to back of neck

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9
Q

What are the supraclavicular structures?

A
  • phrenic nerve
  • omohyoid
  • sternocleiod mastoid
  • subclavian vein (passes anterior to anterior scalene muscle)
  • subclavian artery (passes with plexus between scalene muscles)
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10
Q

What is a potential complication of an interscalene block?

A
  • anesthesia of the diaphragm and temporary respiratory depression due to proximity of the phrenic nerve
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11
Q

What are interscalene blocks used for?

A
  • used for shoulder procedures bc they numb all of the spinal nerve components of shoulder
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12
Q

What are interscalene blocks used for?

A
  • used for shoulder procedures bc they numb all of the spinal nerve components of shoulder
  • then surgeon removes adhesions of shoulder
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13
Q

When do we call the subclavian artery the axillary artery?

A
  • when it passes beneath clavicle and 1st rib
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14
Q

Where does the axillary artery run in regards to the brachial plexus?

A
  • right in the middle
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15
Q

What does the neurovascular bundle travel within?

A
  • axillary sheath
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16
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to dermatones outside of the brachial plexus?

A
  • C4-T5
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17
Q

shoulder dermatone

A
  • C4
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18
Q

C5

A
  • upper lateral arm and shoulder
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19
Q

C6

A
  • posteriolateral arm and lateral forearm
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20
Q

C7

A

middle of forearm and hand

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21
Q

C8

A

posterioromedial forearm and medial hand

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22
Q

T1

A
  • medial arm
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23
Q

T2-T5

A
  • axillary region
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24
Q

What is a dermatome?

A
  • area of cutaneous sensory innervation supplied by a single spinal nerve
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25
Q

Cutaneous nerve innervattion overlaps multiple _____

A
  • dermatomes
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26
Q

What is a myotome?

A
  • a group of muscles that receive motor innervation from a single spinal nerve
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27
Q

What myotome does the action of shoulder elevation

A
  • C4
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28
Q

What myotome does the action of shoulder abduction and elbow flection

A

C5

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29
Q

What myotome does the action of elbow flexion, wrist extension

A

C6

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30
Q

What myotome does the action of elbow extension and wrist flexion

A

C7

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31
Q

What myotome does the action of thumb and finger extension

A

C8

32
Q

What myotome does the action of intrinsic hand muscles

A

T1

33
Q

What myotome does the action of intercostal muscles

A

T2

34
Q

Do cutaneous maps have multiple nerve contributions?

A
  • YES
35
Q

Why is there not a 1:1 correspondence between named cutaneous nerves and dermatomes?

A
  • because dermatomes are a single nerve innervating a single sensory part whereas cutaneous nerves are comprised of multiple nerves and can innervate multiple dermatomes
36
Q

why is T2 spinal nerve on left significant

A
  • refereed pain during angina and cardiac events
37
Q

As a general rule an individual named muscle in the limbs is supplied by _____ than one spinal nerve

A
  • more
38
Q

What is the upper trunk of the brachial plexus that is made up of?

A
  • C5- C6
39
Q

What is the middle trunk of the brachial plexus made up of?

A
  • C7
40
Q

What is the lower trunk of the brachial plexus made up of?

A
  • C8-T1
41
Q

What do the anterior divisions of the brachial plexus give rise to?

A
  • medial and lateral cord
42
Q

What do the posterior divisions of the brachial plexus give rise to?

A
  • posterior cord
43
Q

What are the branches of the brachial plexus?

A
  • axillary nerve
  • musculo cutaneous nerve
  • radial nerve
  • median nerve
  • ulnar nerve
44
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

A
  • musculocutaneous nerve
45
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?

A
  • radial nerve
46
Q

What nerve is a flexor of elbow joint?

A
  • musculocutaneous nerve
47
Q

What nerve is an extensor of elbow joint?

A
  • radial nerve
48
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior compartments?

A
  • the medial and lateral intermuscular septa
49
Q

What nerves are in the anterior compartments of the forearm?

A
  • ulnar and median nerves
50
Q

What are the nerves that are in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A
  • radial nerve
51
Q

what is the shoulder region innervated by?

A
  • nerves that come directly from the roots, trunks, or cords of the brachial plexus
52
Q

What is the arm region innervated by?

A
  • medial cord (cutaneous)
  • musculocutaneous n (anterior)
  • radial n. (posterior)
53
Q

the forearm region is innervated by?

A
  • a branch from the medial cord (cutaneous)
  • median and ulnar nerves (anterior)
  • radial n (posterior)
54
Q

The hand receives all motor innervation from the?

A
  • median and ulnar nerves
55
Q

where does the hand receive sensation from?

A
  • median
  • ulnar
  • radial nerves
56
Q

What nerve does the lateral cord give off?

A
  • lateral pectoral nerve
57
Q

What nerves does the medial cord give off?

A
  • medial pectoral nerve
  • medial brachial cutaneous nerve
  • medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
58
Q

What nerves does the posterior cord give off?

A
  • upper and lower subscapular nerves

- thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular nerve)

59
Q

Do both the lateral cord and median cord contribute to the median nerve?

A
  • Yes
60
Q

What gives rise to the musculocutaneous nerve?

A
  • Lateral cord
61
Q

What gives rise to the ulnar nerve?

A
  • medial cord
62
Q

What gives rise to the axillary and radial nerve?

A
  • posterior cord
63
Q 
ROOTS
TRUNKS
DIVISIONS
CORDS
BRANCHES
A

REAL TEXANS DRINK COLD BEER

64
Q

What nerves make the upper trunk?

A
  • C5 and C6
65
Q

What nerves make the middle trunk?

A
  • C7
66
Q

What nerves make the lower trunk?

A
  • C8 and T1
67
Q

What nerves make up the axillary nerve?

A
  • C5 and C6
68
Q

What nerves make up the posterior cord?

A
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
  • C8
  • T1
69
Q

What nerves make up the radial nerve?

A
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
  • C8
  • T1
70
Q

What nerves make up the ulnar nerve?

A
  • C7
  • C8
  • T1
71
Q

What nerves make up the median nerve?

A
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
  • C8
  • T1
72
Q

What nerve makes up the musculocutaneous nerve?

A
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
73
Q

What makes up the lateral cord?

A
  • C5
  • C6
  • C7
74
Q

What makes up the medial cord?

A
  • C7
  • C8
  • T1
75
Q

Superior trunk injury leads to

A
  • arm adducted
  • arm will be internally (medially) rotated at the elbow
  • there will be pronation
  • there will be extension

(waiters tip)

76
Q

What does an injury to the superior trunk lead to?

A
  • weakness of axillary nerve

- weakness of s

77
Q

What would happen if you injured the axillary region?

A
  • weakness when trying to push something away
  • difficulty extending the wrist
  • difficulty extending the fingers and opening hand
  • wrist drop posture

Anatomy Final Test 4 lets get it (6 decks)

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