Lecture 27 Flashcards
Eukayotic Gene expression
What is transcription?
when mRNA is produced
What is translation?
when protein is produced?
what are 3 things that differ from eukaryotic and prokaryotic transcription
1) eukaryotes, it occurs in different places
2) eukaryotes have chromatin
3) has a more complex process
what makes the process more complex?
- 5’ capping
- 3’ poly a tails
- splicing of introns
- transport out of nucleus
RNA polymerase 1
found in the nucleolus (makes ribosomal RNA in nucleus)
- makes rRNA
- has sigma factor
- promoter up and downstream
RNA polymerase 2
found in the nucleoplasM
- makes all mRNA precursors
- makes snRNA
- TATA box
- up and downstream
RNA polymerase 3
found in the nucleoplasm
- makes the tRNA
- promoter only downstream
monocistronic
in eukaryotes three usually one promoter to one gene
(they have a few poly but most many)
The death cap mushroom
alpha amantin in the mushrooms and it inhibits he elongation phase of RNA polymerase does in transcription. Used to figure out which RNA polymerase does what
What the difference between promoters in the eukaryotes and prokaryotes
the promoters can be the upstreams and downstream in the eukaryotes, its only upstream for prokaryotes
what is something that is similar between eukaryotes and prokaryotes
they both have the same core subunits, eukaryotes just have more cause of higher level regulation is has to do
How does RNA transcription
the nucleophile is deprotonated 3’ hydroxyl attacks the alpha phosphate and the 5’
How does transcription begin with the RNA polymerase 2
the big TF2D will bind to the TATA box and recruit other TF2’s to join. The RNA polymerase 2 will add on and using NTP transcription will occur after it opens up
what is the trigger to make it open?
Any amnio acid with a hydroxyl group will get phosphorlyzed and then the strands opens
which transcription factor has the TATA box binding protein
TF2D
