Lecture 25 and 26 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following is FALSE?

A. Mental-health care costs have increased substantially over the last 30 years
B. Third-party payers have more control over mental health care decisions than clients and
providers, on average
C. Social workers are more likely than clinical psychologists to provide psychosocial
mental-health services now
D. Psychosocial treatment of mental health issues has become briefer over the last 30
years
E. None of the above

A

E. None of the above

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2
Q

What is/are downside(s) of primary care physicians serving as the primary contact for mental health assessment and treatment?

A. Sometimes primary care physicians stigmatize mental-health issues
B. Sometimes primary care physicians do not detect patients’ mental health problems
C. Sometimes primary care physicians lack adequate knowledge about mental-health issues
D. Sometimes primary care physicians don’t know where or how to refer patients with mentalhealth issues
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

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3
Q

True or False: Most people with a psychological disorder who seek treatment receive evidence-based treatment.

A. True
B. False

A

B. False

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4
Q

Which of the following are potential barriers to receiving evidence-based treatment of psychological problems?

A. Potential clients may not disclose problems due to potential stigma
B. Primary care physicians whom potential clients approach with problems may lack
sufficient knowledge and skills to assess and refer them for evidence-based psychosocial
treatment
C. Lack of integration of mental-health care into primary care
D. Few providers of evidence-based treatments may be available
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

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5
Q

What of the following is/are practitioner concerns about empirically supported treatments?

A. Using a manualized approach will damage therapeutic alliance
B. Lack of time and ability to offer empirically supported treatments
C. Believe that RCT findings are not relevant to treatment of individual clients
D. Clients won’t accept manualized treatment approaches
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

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6
Q

The dissemination problem refers to

A. The absence of effective interventions to treat people’s problems
B. The lack of cost-effective treatments for people’s problems
C. An inadequate number of mental health providers
D. Providers’ under-reliance on evidence-based treatment strategies
E. Insufficient numbers of social workers

A

D. Providers’ under-reliance on evidence-based treatment strategies

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7
Q

Which of the following is/are reasons why people who need mental health care don’t receive it?

A. Individuals do not seek help because of embarrassment about their mental health issues
B. Primary care physicians often lack sufficient training to assess mental health problems
C. Limited training in evidence-based treatments in therapists’ training programs
D. Lack of insurance to cover third-party payment for mental health care
E. All of the above

A

E. All of the above

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8
Q

Which of the following about the literature on training therapists in empirically supported
treatments is TRUE?

A. Therapist self-study of treatment manuals is sufficient to increase use of empirically
supported treatments
B. Participation in brief workshops about empirically supported treatments is associated
with increased use of the treatments with clients
C. Attending trainings is more effective at increasing therapist use of empirically supported
treatments when the trainings is followed by consultation
D. Multi-component trainings do not demonstrate better outcomes than brief workshops.
E. None of the above.

A

C. Attending trainings is more effective at increasing therapist use of empirically supported
treatments when the trainings is followed by consultation

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9
Q

Which of the following therapist reservations about evidence based, manualized treatment is/are well-justified on the basis of research?

A. The therapeutic relationship will be compromised by use of a standardized, manualized
procedure
B. The client’s individual needs won’t be met
C. Clients won’t accept the use of a manual in treatment
D. None of the above
E. A, B, and C

A

D. None of the above

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10
Q

True or False: Re-training current front-line providers in evidence-based approaches is often cost
and time-prohibitive.

A. True
B. False

A

A. True

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11
Q

True or False: Weissman et al. (2006) found that most training for mental health professionals was not in evidence-based treatments.

A. True
B. False

A

A. True

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12
Q

Which of the following is FALSE?

A. Many with mental-health problems are not receiving services
B. Most of those who receive mental-health services do not receive evidence-based
services
C. When evidence-based approaches are delivered to clients, they typically are low in
quality
D. The science-to-practice lag time for evidence-based treatments of psychological problems is shorter than it is for medical problems
E. None of the above.

A

D. The science-to-practice lag time for evidence-based treatments of psychological problems is shorter than it is for medical problems

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13
Q

True or False: Weissman et al. (2006) found that on average, social work and PsyD programs
provided the least training in evidence-based treatments.

A. True
B. False

A

A. True

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14
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE about current mental-health care in the US?

A. Providers and consumers are in charge of decisions about mental-health care
B. Most front-line providers of psychological treatment for mental illness are clinical
psychologists
C. There is an increasing focus on cost-effectiveness and accountability issues.
D. Mental-health care costs have declined over the last two decades
E. None of the above.

A

C. There is an increasing focus on cost-effectiveness and accountability issues.

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15
Q

What are potential strategies to address the barriers to evidence-based treatment that are related
to primary care physicians (PCPs)?

A. Integrate mental-health care with primary care
B. Train PCPs in mental health issues
C. Develop brief screening tools for mental health issues that PCPs can use
D. A and B
E. A, B, and C

A

E. A, B, and C

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16
Q

How do training programs play a role in the dissemination problem?

A

Part of the difficulty in making evidence-based treatments (EBTs) available to consumers in real-world treatment contexts is that most mental health professionals are not well-trained to provide EBTs. Few training programs provide extensive training in EBTs, regardless of discipline, and the training programs that produce the most mental-health service professionals on average provide the least training in EBTs.

17
Q

Why is the role of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) so controversial in clinical practice?

A

The role of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) is controversial in practice, because not all
clinicians believe it is necessary or effective to use an EBT to help their clients. Many experienced therapists feel that EBTs restrain clinical creativity and make it more difficult to establish a strong alliance with their clients. Additionally, many therapists do not have the time or interest to learn how to deliver EBTs. However, other clinicians see the merit of EBTs and use them. Importantly, insurance companies are becoming increasingly interested in providing third-party payment only for EBTs, so this controversy has a direct effect on what services are available to consumers.

18
Q

Consider Giel’s framework for thinking about treatment barriers. Name each category and provide some examples of the barriers each category might face. Why is this framework useful?

A

The framework for thinking about treatment barriers can be separated into: individual (or client) barriers, provider barriers, and systemic barriers. Individuals may face these barriers: desire to
handle own’s problem on their own, lack of knowledge of available treatment, willingness to get treatment, minimizing the severity of the problem, etc. Providers may face these barriers: skill in assessing mental health problems, responding effectively to level of distress in clients, lack of
knowledge about what is evidence-based, etc. Systemic providers may face these barriers:
emphasis on pharmacotherapy, limited availability of specialized mental health providers, etc.
This framework is helpful, because it provides a hierarchy of influences on barriers to effective
mental health care. It highlights the need (and opportunity) to address this problem on multiple
levels.

19
Q

Describe the science-practice gap.

A

The science-practice gap has become increasingly recognized as a problem. It refers to discrepancy between the existence and availability of empirically supported treatments (i.e.,
evidence-based treatments are well-established for a number of disorders, but very few mental health professional offer these treatments). The science-practice gap also is referred to as the
dissemination problem.