Lecture 24 - Cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 8 acquired capabilities of cancer cells

A
  1. self sufficiency in growth signals
  2. apoptosis evasion
  3. anti-growth signal insensitivity
  4. limitless replicative potential
  5. sustained angiogenesis
  6. tissue invasion & metastasis
  7. metabolic reporgramming
  8. evade immune destruction
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2
Q

describe size restriction arrest

A

A cell is trapped in a blood vessel due to its size

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3
Q

name a possible consequence of size restriction arrest

A

cell undergoes extravasation to the perivascular position

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4
Q

name and describe the two types of cancer growths in the perivascular position

A

cooptive- localise in close proximity to each other and divide - does not guarantee survival
angiogenic- increased vasculature to the tumour to provide support

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5
Q

what do anchoring junctions link to

A

actin filaments

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6
Q

what are cadherins and what do they bind to

A

cadherins mediate adhesion between neighbouring cellsbinds to p120ctn, which binds to alpha catenin, which binds to f-actin. beta catenin also binds to alpha catenin. cadherins connect actin filaments of two neighbouring cells together

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7
Q

describe the role of beta catenin

A

beta catenin is a cell growth upregulator in the nucleus. is bound to alpha catenin to prevent over-upregulation. excess free beta catenin is directed to the ubiquitin/proteosome pathway for degredation by complexing with an apc. this binding allows beta catenin phosphorylation by gsk3, targetting it for degredation

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8
Q

what is confluence and what is its relation to tumours

A

confluence is the point when cells stop dividing after using up the surrounding space due to contact inhibition. tumours ignore this and continue to divide.

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9
Q

what degrades e-cadherin

A

mmp3

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10
Q

true or false

the adhesion belt is continuous in epithelial cells

A

true, non-epithelial cell adhesion belts are not continuous

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11
Q

what is intravasation?

A

intravasation is tumour cell entry from the blood stream

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12
Q

what is extravasation?

A

extravasation is tumour cell exit from the blood stream

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13
Q

true or false

healthy cells grow well with no agar plate contact

A

false, tumour cells grow well, healthy cells do not

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