Lecture 23

Question 1

The vector for Heartworm disease

Answer 1

The mosquito

Question 2

The reservoir for Heartworm disease

Answer 2

Dogs and wild canids

Question 3

True or false: L2 is the infective stage of HW

Answer 3

False: L3 is the infective stage of HW

Question 4

How long does it take for L3 to molt into L4?

Answer 4

50-70 days

Question 5

Adult worms reproduce and release microfilaria by what age?

Answer 5

6 months of age

Question 6

Heartworm live in the…

Answer 6

Pulmonary artery, right ventricle, and flow into the vena cava

Question 7

Heartworm can cause…

Answer 7

Platelet activation, ischemia and infarction, right heart failure, and secondary organ dysfunction

Question 8

Clinical signs of Heartworm in dogs

Answer 8

Exercise intolerance, cough, ascites, collapse, and embolism/dyspnea

Question 9

True or false: the lifespan of HW in cats is shorter than the dog

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What will heartworm preventative kill?

Answer 10

L3-L4 (juvenile) and microfilaria

Question 11

How often should HW preventative be given?

Answer 11

Every 30 days

Question 12

Puppies can start heartworm prevention at age…

Answer 12

6-8 weeks of age

Question 13

Prepatent period of HW

Answer 13

6-9 months

Question 14

Diagnosis of heartworm disease

Answer 14

ELISA antigen snap test for the females only

Question 15

This test should be done along with an ELISA

Answer 15

Modified Knott’s test/Filter test

Question 16

Caval syndrome

Answer 16

Large number of heartworm obstruct blood flow in the posterior vena cava

Question 17

Treatment for caval syndrome

Answer 17

Surgical removal of worms

Question 18

Wolbachia

Answer 18

Gram negative intracellular bacteria

Question 19

Wolbachia is also associated with _____ _____ that animals have when HW die

Answer 19

Anaphylactic reactions

Question 20

The antibiotic treats Wolbachia

Answer 20

Doxycycline