Lecture 22: Phylogenetics & Macroevolutions

Question 1

What is taxnomy?

Answer 1

The theory and practice of classifications and naming

Question 2

What are systematics?

Answer 2

The study of biodiversity and the evolutionary relationships among organisms

Question 3

What is monophyletic group?

Answer 3

The complete set of species derived from a common ancestor

Question 4

What is paraphyletic group

Answer 4

Contains some, but not all species derived from a common ancestor

Question 5

What is an ancestral trait?

Answer 5

A trait shared with a common ancestor

Question 6

What is a derived trait?

Answer 6

A trait that differs from the ancestral trait in a linage

Question 7

What is homology?

Answer 7

Similar traits due to shared ancestry

Question 8

What is homoplasy?

Answer 8

Similar traits as a result of convergent evolution

Question 9

What is convergent evolution?

Answer 9

Structures that resemble each other and perform similar functions but they’re unrelated organisms

Question 10

What is a clade

Answer 10

A group of organisms believed to have evolved from a common ancestor