Lecture 21 - Renal Acid-Base Regulation

Question 1

What are the major systems in the body regulating [H+]?

L21 S9

Answer 1

• chemical systems in body fluids
• respiratory center
• kidneys

Question 2

What does the bicarbonate buffer system consist of?
What happens when a strong base or strong acid is added to the system?

L21 S11-13

Answer 2

Consists of:

• carbonic acid (H2CO3)
• bicarbonate salt (NaHCO3)

Addition of strong base produces a weak base and addition of a strong acid produces a weak acid

Question 3

What is the primary method by which nonvolatile acids are removed?

L21 S22

Answer 3

-renal secretion

Question 4

What must occur for filtered bicarbonate ions to be reabsorbed?

L21 S22

Answer 4

-it must react with secreted hydrogen ions to form carbonic acid which then breaks down into CO2 and H2O

Question 5

What are the mechanisms by which the kidneys can regulate extracellular H+?

L21 S23

Answer 5

• reabsorption of bicarbonate ions
• secretion of hydrogen ions
• production of new bicarbonate ions

Question 6

Where are hydrogen ions primarily secreted and from what cell type?

L21 S26

Answer 6

Intercalated cells in the late distal/collecting tubules