Lecture 2: Variation in BP Flashcards
What does high BP predispose some to?
CHD Stroke Cardiac hypertrophy Heart failure Kidney failure - high pressure already in glomerulus
What are the two different types of stroke?
Ischaemic: blood clot, not enough blood gets to the brain
Haemorrhage: too much blood gets to the brain
What effects occur from a blood clot and a partial blood clot?
Partial: angina, crushing pain
Full: heart attack, death of heart muscle
What trend is seen in CHD graphs?
Tends to be unimodal with a skew to the upper values
Variation in BP in populations can be due to what 3 things?
Age
Sex
Body size
Do men have a higher BP than women?
Yes
Does BP rise with age
Yes
Why does BP increase after birth, puberty and adulthood?
Growth spurts, weight gain
Why do females have a higher BP during puberty?
Females tend to have an earlier onset of puberty than males
Do both systolic and diastolic BP increase with age?
No.
Systolic increases
Diastolic decreases
Why does pulse pressure rise with age?
Stiffening of the arteries, less compliant
What are the three kinds of variations that occur in individuals?
Minute-to-minute
Day-night (diurnal)
Summer-winter (seasonal)
Why is summer BP 3mmHg lower than winter BP?
Weigh less in summer
Sweat more
Vasodilation
What factors could explain differences in BP correlations in families?
Genetic differences (spouse-spouse)
Environment
Generation gap/Lifestyle
