lecture 2 - Terminology Flashcards
what is the Anatomical position
- upright
- face forwards
- feet together
- palms face forwards
- remains the same regardless of movement
what is homeostasis
The maintenance of relatively constant conditions in the internal environment (ECF) in the face of external (or internal) change
Homeostasis relies on what regulatory mechanisms
- temperature
- ion concentrations ( calcium, potassium, sodium)
- fluid balance
- blood sugar levels
- and many more
Feedback
- feedback is an unconscious response ONLY
- feedback is when the controlled variable moves too far from the set point and responses from the body attempt to move the variable back to ‘normal’
Feedforward
- feedforward can be BOTH conscious and unconscious response
- feedforward is usually when there is an anticipation of an event that will alter a controlled variable, so you may consciously ( or unconsciously) do something to minimize the effect
superior
higher than above
inferior
lower than below
medial
more towards the midline of the body
lateral
further from the midline of body
deep
further from the surface
superfical
closer to the surface
sagittal plane
runs down middle of body so there is a left and right side
cornanal plane
- back and front half
- also know as frontal plane
transverse plane
- top and bottom
- also known as horizontal plane
flexion
- decreases angle
- fleshy parts of limb brought closer together
extension
- increases angles
dorsiflexion
- toes brought up towards face
- happens at ankle joint
plantarflexion
- toes pointing towards ground
- happens at ankle joint
- P = P
abduction
movement at joint moves limb away from midline
adduction
- movement at joint moves limb towards midline
- (you are adding things to ur body (ADDuction)
circumduction
combination of 4 movements
- flexion
- abduction
- extension
- adduction
- (NO rotation)
Rotation
- rotation involves a pivot joint (pivoting of joints occurs in the transverse plane)
- rotation can be lateral (external) AND medial (internal)
pronation
- palms faces posterior
- (turning ur hand down s your palm is facing downwards)
supination
- Plams faces anterior AND forearm bone parallel
- (perfect postion for holding Soup) - S=S
Inversion
- sole of foot faces towards midline
- (pointing ur foot in towards midline of body)
Eversion
- sole of foot turns away from the midline
- (point foot out away from midline)
