lecture 2 - respiratory physiology Flashcards

1
Q

why do we breathe?

A

cells require energy to function (ATP) which is stored in limited quantities - to generate this we need o2 and it generates co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the conducting zone?

A

no gas exchange take place

Air in the conduction zone is warmed and moistened

The conducting zone is termed anatomic “dead space”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the respiratory zone?

A

capillaries - site of gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is boyles law?

A

decreasing vol increases collisions and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is atmospheric pressure?

A

760mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does pressure move?

A

along a pressure gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do we breathe?

A

inspiration - externa; intercostals and diaphragm contract and the chest wall and lungs expand, expansion of ribs moves sternum upward and outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is inspiration?

A

muscles contract, increase in lung vol, decrease in intrapulmonary pressure, changes in pressure gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is expiration?

A

muscles relax and recoil, decrease lung vol, increase in intrapulmonary pressure, change in pressure gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what happens to air pressure as it flows through the trachea?

A

its reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is henrys law?

A

Mass of a gas that dissolves in a fluid at a given temperature varies directly with the pressure of the gas over the liquid (provided no chemical reaction takes place between the gas and liquid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does the rate of diffusion depend on?

A

Partial pressure between gas above the fluid and gas in the fluid
Solubility coefficient of gas
Surface area for gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is Fick’s law of diffusion?

A

diffusion constant x area for gas exchange x ((P2-P1)/distance (thickness of barrier)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is involved in alveolar ventilation?

A

tidal vol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what reduces alveolar ventilation?

A

shallow breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the inspiratory reserve vol?

A

vol of air brought into the lung after normal inspiration

17
Q

what is the expiratory reserve vol?

A

vol of air brought out of the lung after normal expiration

18
Q

what is forced vital capacity?

A

max air expired after max inspiration

19
Q

what is the residual lung vol?

A

vol in lungs after max expiration

20
Q

what does dynamic ventilation depend on?

A

FVC, airflow velocity

21
Q

what does airflow velocity depend on?

A

resistance of the respiratory passage to the flow of air, compliance of the chest and lung tissue

22
Q

what does more compliance of the chest wall and lung tissue mean?

A

more easily stretched

23
Q

what does less compliance of the chest wall and lung tissue mean?

A

less easily stretched

24
Q

what happens to pulmonary ventilation during exercise?

A

increase in min ventilation via increases in TV and breath frequency