Lecture 2: Pharmacokinetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

Actions of body on the drug

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2
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A

Actions of drug on the body

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3
Q

What is the four basic pharmacokinetic processes?

A

1) Absorption
2) Distribution
3) Metabolism
4) Excretion

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4
Q

What is the normal way for drugs to enter the cell?

A

Simple diffusion

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5
Q

What is the normal way for drugs to exit the cell?

A

Active Transport System: P-glycoprotein

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6
Q

When can weak acids and weak bases cross membranes?

A

In their unionized forms

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7
Q

What formula is used to measure the amount of drug that is absorbed?

A

Salt x Bioavailability x Dose

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8
Q

How is bioavailability calculated?

A

F = [AUC oral]/[AUC IV}

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9
Q

What formula is used to measure the amount of drug that concentration ?

A

Cp = [Salt x Bioavailability x Dose]/[Vd]

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10
Q

How is volume of distribution calculated?

A

Vd = [Amount of drug in body]/[plasma concentration]

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11
Q

What factors affect drug distribution?

A

1) Ability of drugs to enter cells

2) Blood flow to tissues

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12
Q

A drug is only bioactive if it is what?

A

Free

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13
Q

What happens in Phase I of Drug Metabolism?

A

Biotransformation: make drugs more polar

  • oxidation
  • reduction
  • hydrolysis
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14
Q

What happens in Phase II of Drug Metabolism?

A

Biotransformation: more water soluble and excretable

-conjugation

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15
Q

What enzyme family fosters drug metabolism?

A

Cytochrome P-450

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16
Q

Grapefruit juice is an ____ of the cytochrome P450.

A

Inhibitor

17
Q

What does acetylation and methylation do to a drug?

A

Make it less water soluble and inactivates it

18
Q

How are protein-bound drugs elminated?

A

Active tubular secretion

-Drug displace from protein binding sites near basolateral membranes of proximal tubule

19
Q

How do you calculate the eGFR?

A

eGFR = [(140-age)(Body Weight)]/[72 x Scr]