Lecture #2 Overview Flashcards
Major routes of HIV transmission
- Sexual intercourse (most common)
- Injection Drug use
- Mother to Infant
Uncommon routes of HIV transmission (3)
- Transfusion blood products
- Transplantation of infected organs
- Accidental inoculation of health care workers
What year is the most recent revised CDC dental infection control guidelines?
December 2003
- OSHA and EPA
- Routine use of gloves, masks, eyewear
- Routine sterilization of EVERYTHING!
What is the leading killer of children and young adults worldwide, accounting for more than 13 million deaths a year?
Infectious diseases
The risks of disease transmission to healthcare workers is what to the disease prevalence in the general population?
Proportional to the disease prevalence in the general population
What discussed in class now serves as an efficient “vector” for the spread of infectious diseases anywhere in the world?
Rapid global transportation
Improved dental infection control programs are often hampered by: (5)
- Limited resources
- Lack of knowledge
- Inadequate policies
- false perceptions of risk
- Poor understanding of the relationship between oral health and general health
4 principles of Infection control
- Take action to stay healthy
- Avoid contact with blood
- Limit the spread of blood
- Make objects safe for use
5 ways to take action to stay healthy
- Protect yourself with immunizations
- Eat well, don’t smoke, exercise, etc.
- Wash your hands often and well
- Know your health status
- Have certain lab tests when appropriate
In what two ways do we avoid contact with blood?
- Wear protective coverings such as gloves, masks, glasses or face shields and uniforms to cover clothes
- Avoid injuries (sharps with care)
In what 3 ways do we limit the spread of blood?
- Set up the operatory before treatment and minimize splash and splatter
- Cover surfaces that can not be decontaminated easily
- Handle and dispose of waste, soiled linens and used supplies properly.
What 4 ways do we make objects safe for use?
- Know how decontamination process differ
- Choose the correct way to decontaminate
- Check to be sure you have done it right
What are two things that exposure protocol is needed for?
- Sharps safety
2. Mucous membrane exposure
list the 5 points to exposure protocol
- Treat exposures as medical emergencies and tend to them immediately
- Clean wounds with soap and water
- Flush eyes with cool water for 15 minutes
- Report injury immediately to infection control coordinator
- Follow instructions for obtaining immediate and appropriate medical evaluation and follow up care
Steps of infection control continuum (5)
- Assess the status of dental infection control efforts in your clinic
- Develop plan for improvement
- Implement plan for improvement & evaluate outcome
- Continue to modify the plan and the infection control practices to allow for continued improvement
- REPEAT
