Lecture 2: Nerve Histoogy Flashcards
Give the definition of tissue
Name the 5 different types of tissue
A group or layer of similarly specialised cells together performing specialised functions
- Epithelia
- supporting
- Muscle
- Nervous
- Round cells (blood ?)
What is epithelia?
- Covers/ lines body surfaces, tubes and cavities
- form active interfaces (secretion, absorption, protection)
- closely adherent via cell junctions
- supported by a basement membrane
- blood vessels do not cross the basement membrane
- single or multi layered
What are the epithelial types?
Cuboidal: square, lines ducts, tubules, they excrete, secrete and absorb
Columnar: elongated basal nuclei, highly absorptive (SI, gall bladder, and stomach lining, they may have micro villi to increase surface area
Pseudostratified, ciliated, columnar: have nuclei at different heights, cilia, larger airways, propel mucus along
Stratified squamous: mainly protective
What are the types or connective tissues?
Loose connective tissue: eg supports epithelia of gut, skin,
respiratory tract etc
Dense connective tissue:
Other connective tissues: ligaments, tendons, cartilage, bone, fat
What are the 3 types of muscle cells?
- Skeletal: striated, voluntary, strong and fine control
- Smooth: involuntary, prolonged, low force
- Cardiac: spontaneous and strong
What are round cells?
Meh
What are the types of nervous tissue ie cells?
Glial cells: oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, ependyma
Astrocytes: mechanical support, help repair damage, mediate metabolic exchange between neurones, have antioxidant role, control intercellular environment
Oligodendrocytes: myelinated in CNS, they are the dominant glial cells in the CNS
Microglia: have macrophage activity in the CNS once activated