Lecture 2 - ENT formulations Flashcards
What is the purpose of ear wax?
It is a protective film on the meatal skin in the ear. It also cleans, lubricate, trap dirt and repel water.
What is the composition of ear wax?
The main constituents of ear wax are: desquamated sheets of corneocytes, keratin, squalene, alcohols, proteins, peptides, fatty acids, cholesterol
What are cerumenolytics?
They are products which acts by softening the cerumen and clearing the ear canal.
Examples are water, olive or almond oil, sodium bicarbonate, Exterol, Cerumol, Waxsol.
Why are astringent preparations applied to the ear canal?
Astringent applications helps to constrict and shrink of body tissues. Commonly used astringent are Aluminium acetate ear drops 13% and 8%
What is the composition of anti-inflammatory ear drops?
These are normally combined with antibacterial drugs. For e.g Otomize ear spray Dexamethasone 0.1% Nyomicin Acetic acid Water Methyl hydroxybenzoate Propyl hydroxybenzoate Stearyl alcohol
What is the composition of a typical nasal formulations?
Normally contains: API Antimicrobial preservatives Antioxidants Solubilising agents Salts for the pH Humectants to minimise irritation Viscosity enhancing agents Absorption enhancers
What is the purpose of decongestants in nasal formulations?
They reduce the swelling of blood vessels in the nasal cavity. (e.g pseudoephedrine, xylometazoline)
How does OptiNose work?
It is a multiuse intranasal delivery device used for liquid and powder formulations.
Provide the list of Naseptin nasal ingredients.
Naseptin is a cream used for staphylococcal infections.
Chlorehixidine hydrochloride (antiseptic) Neomycin (Antibiotic) Arachis oil (oil phase solvent) Purified water (Solvent) Cetostearyl alcohol (emulsion stabiliser)
