Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A&P II (Spring 2023) > Lecture 2: CV Function (Exam I) > Flashcards

Lecture 2: CV Function (Exam I) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the rapid ejection phase?
When does it occur?
How much stroke volume movement occurs during this phase?

A
  • 1st 1/3 of Ejection Period (Phase III) where 70% of stroke volume (SV) comes from.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What valve(s) would you expect to open/close at the point indicated by 1 in the figure below?
Why?

A
  • A-V valves closure.
  • This occurs due to ventricular pressure exceeding atrial pressure.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What valve(s) would you expect to open/close at the point indicated by 2 in the figure below?
Why?

A
  • Aortic valve opening
  • This occurs due to ventricular pressure exceeding aortic pressure.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What valve(s) would you expect to open/close at the point indicated by 3 in the figure below?
Why?

A
  • Aortic valve closure
  • This occurs due to aortic pressure exceeding ventricular pressure.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What valve(s) would you expect to open/close at the point indicated by 4 in the figure below?
Why?

A
  • AV valves opening.
  • This occurs due to atrial pressure exceeding ventricular pressure.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is normal ESV (End-systolic volume) for A&P?

A
  • 50mLs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is normal EDV (End-diastolic volume) for A&P?

A
  • 120mLs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In a healthy adult (not acutely ill) at rest, how many mls of blood do the atria contribute to EDV? What is this as a percentage of of SV?

A
  • 10 mls
  • 5-10%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In a sick adult, what percentage of Cardiac Output does atrial kick contribute?

A
  • Atrial kick contributes 25-30% in a sick individual.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

At what point would one expect all 4 cardiac valves to be closed?

A
  • Beginning of Phase II & IV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is depicted by graph (a) on the figure below?

A
  • Aortic pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is depicted by graph (b) on the figure below?

A
  • Left atrial pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is depicted by graph (c) on the figure below?

A
  • Left ventricular pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is depicted by graph (d) on the figure below?

A
  • Ventricular volume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is depicted by graph (e) on the figure below?

A
  • Electrocardiogram
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is depicted by graph (f) on the figure below?

A
  • Phonocardiogram
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In the graph depicted below, what valves would you expect to be closed during the time boxed in with the pink box?

A
  • Mitral/Tricuspid valves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In the graph depicted below, What is the importance between 1 & 2 in regards to ventricular volume?

A
  • 1: 70% of SV in first ⅓ of ejection period
  • 2: 30% of SV in last ⅔ of ejection period
19
Q

The diastolic period of the heart is composed completely of the heart filling. T/F

A
  • False: No filling occurs during isovolumetric relaxation.

needs verification

20
Q

What is the longest phonocardiographic sound?
What does it correlate with?

A
  • 1st sound
  • Correlates with AV valves closing
21
Q

What phonocardiographic sound generally isn’t heard in healthy individuals?
If heard, what is theorized to be the cause of the sound?

A
  • 3rd sound
  • Rapid ventricular filling
22
Q

When does the rapid ventricular filling phase occur? (select all that apply)
a. After the 1st heart sound
b. Before the 2nd heart sound
c. After the 2nd heart sound
d. Before the 3rd heart sound
e. After the 3rd heart sound

23
Q

How much blood fills the ventricles during the first ⅓ of the filling phase?

24
Q

How much blood fills the ventricles during the second ⅓ of the filling phase?

25
How much blood fills the ventricles during the last ⅓ of the filling phase?
- SV - first ⅓ - second ⅓ (ex. if SV = 70 then 70 - 50 - 10 = 10mls)
26
In what phase do the atria contribute to ventricular filling?
- Phase I (Period of filling) **specifically the last ⅓ of the filling phase**.
27
Label the a, c, & v waveforms on the Wiggers diagram below.
28
What causes an (a) waveform on a Wiggers diagram?
- ↑ CVP due to atrial contraction sending blood into ventricles **and backwards**. *needs verification*
29
What causes the (c) waveform on a Wiggers diagram?
- Backward "bowing" of the valves (from ventricular contraction) slightly displacing blood backwards.
30
What causes a (v) waveform on a Wiggers diagram?
- Volume accumulating in the atria until opening of the tricuspid/mitral valves.
31
Based upon a perfect Wiggers diagram, what electrical activity would correlate with the opening of the AV valves?
- End of the T-Wave.
32
What is EW? What is it composed of?
- EW is the **external work** of the heart and is composed of **volume & pressure**.
33
What is PSF? What is a normal PSF? What two factors compose PSF?
- Mean systemic filling pressure - 7mmHg - SVR & total volume
34
At what right atrial pressure (RAP) would we expect to see venous return plateauing?
- -4mmHg
35
Increasing PSF to 14mmHg from 7mmHg would have what effect on venous return?
- ↑ Venous Return
36
Decreasing venous tone and/or decreased venous volume would have what effect on PSF?
- ↓ PSF
37
What cardiac output (CO) would one expect to see with normal sympathetic stimulation? What if the patient was exogenously stimulated with catecholamines, what would the max CO be?
- 13L/min - ~ 25-30L/min
38
A hypoeffective heart would have a rightward/leftward cardiac output curve shift? Would baseline right atrial pressure increase or decrease in this scenario?
- Rightward curve shift - ↑ RAP
39
A hypereffective heart would have a rightward/leftward cardiac output curve shift? Would baseline right atrial pressure increase or decrease in this scenario?
- Leftward curve shift - ↓ RAP
40
Comparatively, does an increase in contractility or an increase in venous return result in a greater increase in CO?
- Increases in venous return have a greater effect on CO than increases in contractility.
41
How is SVR calculated?
[(MAP - CVP) ÷ CO] x 80 = SVR
42
What is Pouseilles equation?
(πΔPr⁴) ÷ 8ηL
43
What pressure do the aortic baroreceptors respond to in comparison to the carotid baroreceptors?
Aortic baroreceptors function at a pressure 20-30mmHg higher than the carotids.

A&P II (Spring 2023) (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions