Lecture 2 content

Question 1

whta is the taxonomy of viruses based off

Answer 1

Highly on both their morphology and genomic makeup

Question 2

what does the baltimore classification rely on

Answer 2

Genome(DNA or RNA)
Strandedness(ss or ds)
sense of genome(pos or neg)
Method or replication

Question 3

which type of Genome is the largest

Answer 3

dsDNA

Question 4

what is the issue which arises when using genomic based classification

Answer 4

since viral genomes are rapidly mutataing they may virus subtypes can arise ( mutants and strains)

Question 5

What is the difference between a mutant and a strain?

Answer 5

Starins are variations withing a subtype which share similar physiological effects which are conserved such as replication straagy

Variants on the other hand occur within a strain which can differ between individuals

Question 6

different types of viral morphology which infect humans

Answer 6

Non-enveloped
-helical
Enveloped
-helical

Complex

Question 7

what is the problem which arises when using morphology to classify viruses

Answer 7

Viruses can produce form swhich are totally unlike their classical appearance

Question 8

what do Koch’s Postulates help investigate and what are they

Answer 8

They help identify the causative agent of a paritcular disease

1. the microb should be found in hung numbers in all iinfected organiusms but not in healthy ones
2. the micro must be isiolated from a deseased organisum and grown in a pure culture
3. the cultured mocro chould cause disease when re introduced to a healthy host
4. the micro must be re-ioslated and againbe determined as being the original cause

Question 9

what are satellite viruses

Answer 9

these are viruses whom look like replicative-capable viruses but need helper viruses to come infect the same cell in order to replicate

the relationship seen between the helper virus and the satellite viruses is parasitic in that the helper viruses is often negatively effected

Question 10

what are replication-defective viruses

Answer 10

Virions which do not contain a full genome and must wait for a co-infection which brings in the missing components from defective viruses

this strategy to produce defective viruses is beneficial as virion production occurs quick and as long as there is a co-infection the spread is fast and efficient.

Question 11

DI particles

Answer 11

compete w the helper virus for enzymes in the host cell

Question 12

endogenous viruses

Answer 12

use DNA form the host cell (which is derived form a virus) the virus can then use this viral DNA which is found in the non viral cell to begin infection