Lecture 2 - Carbohydrate structure

Question 1

Basic formula carbohydrate

Answer 1

(CH2O)n

Question 2

3 uses of carbohydrates

Answer 2

1. Energy storage,
2. structure,
3. recognition and adhesion of cells and tissues

Question 3

Sugars in the body are: D-isomers or L-isomers

Answer 3

D-isomers

Question 4

6-membered rings

Answer 4

pyranoses

Question 5

5-membered rings

Answer 5

Furanoses

Question 6

Anomers

Answer 6

isomers that differ at a new asymmetric carbon atom formed on ring closure

Question 7

Epimers

Answer 7

Isomers that differ at one of several asymmetric carbon atoms

Question 8

diastereoisomers

Answer 8

isomers that are not mirrorimages

Question 9

enantiomers

Answer 9

nonsuperimposable mirror images

Question 10

Carbohydrate storage molecule in plants

Answer 10

Starch = amylose and amylopectin

Question 11

Amylose glycosidic bonds

Answer 11

alpha-1,4

Question 12

Carbohydrate storage molecule in animals

Answer 12

Glycogen

Question 13

a-anomers

Answer 13

hydroxyl group attached to C-1 on opposite side of the ring as C-6

Question 14

b-anomers

Answer 14

hydroxyl group attached to C-1 on same side of the ring as C-6

Question 15

Difference amylose and amylopectin

Answer 15

unbranched and branched