Lecture 2: Anatomy of the Heart, Part 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
- Endocardium = inner
- Myocardium = middle
- Epicardium = outer
What is the endocarduim?
A single layer of squamous endothelium within the heart that lines/faces the ventricular chambers. It is made up of:
- Loose irregular FCT
- Blood vessels = small
- Purkinje fibres
What is the myocardium?
- muscle of the heart wall which makes up the majority of the wall - middle layer
- it is the thickest layer
What is the epicardium?
Is the outer layer of the heart wall that runs over the surface
- Viseral pericardium
- Loose irregular FCT
- Blood vessels = Large
- Adipose
What is the pericardium?
A bag/sac that the heart sits in - the fibrous pericardium is DFCT that protects the heart
—-> the visceral pericardium secretes pericardial fluid into the pericardial cavity which allows the heart to beat in a lubricated environment
What are the major differences btw the right and left ventricles?
Right: 0.5cm thick - sends blood to lungs
(not far away) - doesn’t need to send blood at high pressure = LOW PRESSURE
Left: 1.3 cm thick, 3x thicker - sends blood to everywhere else (further) - needs to send blood at high pressure = HIGHER PRESSURE
What is the blood vascular system?
It is a closed supply and drainage system
—-> a continuous loop
What is the lymphatic(vascular) system?
It is an open-entry drainage system
—-> one way system
Describe the blood flow for the right side of the heart?
right atrium —> right ventricle
- –> pulmonary trunk
- -> left & right pulmonary arteries
Describe the blood flow for the left side of the heart?
left atrium —> left ventricle
—–> ascending aorta
(3 blood vessels branch of the ascending aorta = brachiocephalic, left common carotid and left subclavian)
Where does the right atrium receive blood from?
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
- Coronary sinus
Where does the left atrium receive blood from?
four pulmonary veins
Where is the heart located?
Located in the mediastinum in the thoracic cavity.
