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HUBS191 > lecture 2 - anatomical terminology > Flashcards

lecture 2 - anatomical terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The way the body maintains conditions in the internal environment by using regulatory mechanisms that ensure variables do not shift too far from the set point.

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2
Q

What is feedback in terms of homeostasis?

A

When the body responds to a change in a controlled variable to restore it to normal.

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3
Q

What is feed forward in terms of homeostasis?

A

When something that will affect a controlled variable is anticipated, the body will act to minimise the effect.

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4
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A

Upright, face and palms forward, feet together.

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5
Q

What are the parts of the upper limb?

A

Arm, forearm, hand

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6
Q

What is the anatomical name for the arm?

A

Upper limb

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7
Q

What is the anatomical name for the leg?

A

Lower limb

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8
Q

What are the parts of the lower limb?

A

Thigh, leg, foot.

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9
Q

Closer to the front?

A

Anterior

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10
Q

Closer to the back?

A

Posterior

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11
Q

Closer to the top/above?

A

Superior

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12
Q

Closer to the bottom/below?

A

Inferior

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13
Q

Closer to midline?

A

Medial

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14
Q

Further from midline?

A

Lateral

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15
Q

Of the limb; closer to trunk attachment

A

Proximal

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16
Q

Of the limb; further from the trunk attachment

A

Distal

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17
Q

Closer to the centre of the body?

A

Deep

18
Q

Closer to the outside of the body?

A

Superficial

19
Q

What are the three planes that divide the body?

A

Sagittal, coronal, transverse

20
Q

What is the sagittal plane?

A

The plane which divides the body vertically into left and right.

21
Q

What plane results in two mirrored halves of the body?

A

Midsaggital plane or Median plane

22
Q

What is the coronal plane?

A

Divides the body vertically into front and back sections.

23
Q

What is the transverse plane?

A

Divides the body into top and bottom sections/cross sections

24
Q

What plane is back and forwards movement in?

A

Sagittal

25
Q

What plane is side to side movement in?

A

Coronal

26
Q

What plane is rotating movement around a vertical axis in?

A

Transverse

27
Q

What is flexion, and what plane is it in?

A

Decreases the angle of a joint, and brings limb parts together. In the sagittal plane.

28
Q

What is extension, and what plane is it in?

A

Increasing the angle at a joint to maximum, sagittal plane.

29
Q

What are the two sagittal movements of the feet?

A

Dorsiflexion, Plantarflexion

30
Q

What is dorsiflexion?

A

Flexing feet upwards

31
Q

What is plantarflexion?

A

Pointing toes/foot towards the ground

32
Q

What are the two types of coronal plane movement?

A

Abduction and adduction

33
Q

What is abduction, and what plane is it in?

A

Moving limb away from the midline in the coronal plane.

34
Q

What is adduction, and what plane is it in?

A

Movement of a limb towards the midline, in the coronal plane

35
Q

What plane is rotation in?

A

Transverse

36
Q

What are the two types/directions of rotation?

A

Lateral and medial (away and towards the midline)

37
Q

What are the two types of transverse movement of the forearm?

A

Pronation and Supination

38
Q

What is pronation?

A

Rotation of the forearm so that the ulna and radius bones cross and the palm faces the posterior

39
Q

What is supination?

A

Rotation of the forearm so that the radius and ulna are parallel, and the palm is facing the anterior

40
Q

What are the coronal movements of the feet?

A

Inversion and eversion

41
Q

What is inversion?

A

When the foot is moved so that the sole is inverted towards the midline

42
Q

What is eversion?

A

When the foot is moved so that the sole faces away from the midline.

HUBS191 (36 decks)

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