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Software engineering > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is software process?

A

A software process (also knows as software methodology) is a set of related activities that leads to the production of the software.

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2
Q

List Software processes.

A

-Requirement Analysis
-Design
-Implementation
(Coding)
-Testing (Validation)
-Deployment
-Maintenance (Evolution)

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3
Q

Explain planning of the software project.

A

Calculating the strengths, weaknesses and risks of the project, is vital before starting the project.

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4
Q

Explain Requirement analysis process.

A
  • Important fundamental stage in SDLC.

- It tells us what services are required of the system.

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5
Q

What is SRS document?

A

It includes all the product requirements to be designed and developed during the project life cycle.

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6
Q

Explain Design process.

A

The process of converting the software requirement specification into a software structure that realizes that specification.

The “how” of the software life cycle.

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7
Q

Explain implementation process.

A

In this stage of SDLC the actual development starts and the product is built.
The programming code is generated as per design document specification (DDS).

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8
Q

Explain testing process.

A

Verification and validation is intended to show that a system conforms to its specification and meets the requirement of the system customer.

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9
Q

Explain deployment process.

A

After testing, it is formally deployed to the customer.

Product may be released in a limited segment and test in the real business environment.
Based on the feedback, make changes.

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10
Q

Explain system maintenance process.

A

Once the software passes through all the stages without any issues, it is to undergo a maintenance process wherein it will be maintained and upgraded from time to time to adapt to changes.

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11
Q

What are software process models?

A

models are also referred as “Software Development Process Models”. Each process model follows a Series of steps unique to its type to ensure success in the process of software development.

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12
Q

What is the difference between SDLC and Software process models.

A

SDLC are activities that take place during the life of a software development (e.g. requirement analysis, design, coding, testing, maintenance)

Development models are thewaythe lifecycle is carried out (e.g. waterfall, incremental, prototyping, etc.).

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13
Q

List types of process models.

A

-Waterfall model
-Prototyping
>Throwaway
>Evolutionary
-Incremental
-development
-Spiral model

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14
Q

Define waterfall model.

A

The waterfall model is a sequential approach, where each fundamental activity of a process represented as a separate phase, arranged in linear order.

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15
Q

Write some advantages of waterfall model.

A
  • It is simple and easy to understand and use.

- Works well for small projects where requirements are very well understood.

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16
Q

Write some disadvantages of Waterfall model.

A

-Partitioning of the project in different stages makes it difficult to respond to changing customer requirements.

17
Q

What is prototyping process model?

A

It is a part of a system that is developed quickly to check customer’s requirement.

18
Q

What are some advantages of prototyping?

A
  • Users can try the system and provide feedback during development.
  • Prototyping enable early detection of errors.
19
Q

What are some disadvantages of prototyping?

A
  • Formal end-of-phase reviews do not occur.

- System documentation is often absent or incomplete, since the primary focus is on development of the prototype.

20
Q

What are observations?

A

Used for requirements elicitation and validation.

21
Q

Prototyping mode: Throwaway prototype.

A

Throw Away Prototype is developed from the initial requirements but is not used for the final project.
Some developers believe that this type is a waste of time because you don’t use it.

22
Q

Advantages of throwaway model?

A
  • Significantly reduce project risk

- Has a short project timeline

23
Q

Disadvantages of throwaway model?

A
  • The prototype actually does nothing, its just presentational.
  • Only for a limited purpose
24
Q

Define Evolutionary prototype.

A

Evolutionary prototypingis a model in which the system is developed in increments so that it can readily be modified in response to end-user and customer feedback.

25
Q

Advantages of throwaway model?

A
  • You are always looking for new ways to improve the system.
  • The user engages with the system
  • Quicker delivery of the system.
26
Q

Disadvantages of throwaway model?

A
  • This method can be used to avoid documenting the requirements of the system.
  • Management is required
  • Long term maintenance can be expensive
27
Q

What is incremental process model?

A

the development and delivery is broken down into increments with each increment delivering part of the required functionality.

28
Q

What are some advantages of Incremental process model?

A
  • Generates working software quickly and early during the software life cycle.
  • More flexible – less costly to change scope and requirements.
29
Q

What are some disadvantages of Incremental process model?

A
  • Each phase of an iteration is rigid and do not overlap each other.
  • Systems are often poorly structured.
30
Q

Spiral process model?

A

It is combination of waterfall and prototype model.

–There are specific activities which are done in one spiral (iteration) where the output is a small prototype of the large software.

–The same activities are then repeated for all the spirals till the entire software is build.

31
Q

List some spiral model sectors.

A
  • objective setting.
  • Risk assessment and reduction.
  • Development and validation.
  • Planning.
32
Q

Advantages of spiral model?

A
  • High amount of risk analysis hence, avoidance of Risk is enhanced.
  • Good for large and mission-critical projects.
33
Q

Disadvantages of spiral model?

A
  • Can be a costly model to use.

- Needs technical expertise in risk analysis to really work

Software engineering (2 decks)

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