Lecture 2

Question 1

Define the Principle of Dimensional Homogeneity

Answer 1

The quantity expressed in each term must have the same units

Question 2

What is strain?

Answer 2

The main kinematic quantity of interest in geology.

If there has been more than just displacement or rotation of the rock body as a whole there has been strain

Question 3

Newton’s 1st Law

Answer 3

An object will remain at rest or continue at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an equal and opposite force

(Unless acted upon by a non zero net force)

LAW OF INERTIA

Question 4

Newton’s 2nd Law

Answer 4

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the Force acting on it and is inversely proportional to its mass

Question 5

Newton’s 3rd Law

Answer 5

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 6

Newton’s Law of gravitation

Answer 6

Every particle attracts every other particle with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Question 7

4 fundamental forces in nature

Answer 7

Gravitational Force
Electro-magnetic Force
Strong Nuclear Force
Weak Nuclear force

Question 8

Anderson’s Classification of Faulting

Answer 8

Normal Fault:
➰1 (funny circle)
Most compressive, least tesile
Largest positive, smallest negative

Reverse/Thrust Fault:
➰3
Most Tesile least compressive
Smallest positive largest negative

Strike-Slip Fault:
➰2
Intermediate principle stress

Vertical force acting on: lithostatic
Horizontal force: tectonic
- causes ridge pull (elevated ocean ridges)
- causes slab pull (sinking subduction good slabs)