lecture 2

Question 1

Pancreas

Answer 1

in abdominal cavity

C shaped curve of duodenum

Question 2

pancreas function

Answer 2

exocrine- secretes digestive enzymes
endocrine- pancreatic islets
alpha cells- secrete glucagon
beta cells- secrete insulin

Question 3

fed state

Answer 3

cellular uptake of nutrients
anabolic metabolism
synthesis (store) of glycogen, protein and fat

Question 4

fasting state

Answer 4

mobilisation of nutrients
catabolic metabolism
breakdown of stored glycogen, protein and fat

Question 5

glucose reference range

Answer 5

3.5-6mmolL-1

Question 6

type 1 diabetes mellitus (10%) symptoms

Answer 6

hyperglycemia = high blood glucose
glycosuria = glucose in urine
polyuria = large urine volumes
polydipsia = thirst
polyphagia = hunger

Question 7

type 1 diabetes mellitus causes

Answer 7

insulin producing beta cells have been destroyed automimmune disease and low insulin levels

Question 8

type 2 diabetes mellitus (80-90%) symptoms

Answer 8

similar to type 1 diabetes

Question 9

type 2 diabetes mellitus causes

Answer 9

cells are resistant to insulin’s signal to store fuel

lowered levels of insulin

Question 10

complications of diabetes

Answer 10

antherosclerosis- can lead to heart attack, stroke
kidney disease
nerve damage
retinal changes-blindness