Lecture 2 Flashcards
What is risk assessment?
an estimation of degree of risk. may be quantified numerically or a qualitative estimate of severity.
What is risk management?
the decision making process to control and minimize risks. May minimize probability and/or severity.
What is the hierarchy of controls?
Eliminate, Substitute, Engineering, Administrative, PPE
What are the steps in risk management?
- Risk Identification
- risk analysis
- risk elimination or reduction
- financing risk
- administering the risk management process
What are the consequences of accidents?
- no damage
- property damage
- minor injury
- major injury
- permanent injury
- fatality
What is the risk cost?
probability x cost =
What is residual risk?
the risk that you can’t really get rid of after going through the hierarchy or controls. This is what you get insurance for.
What are the health effects associated with chemical risks?
- asthma
- sensitizers
- cancer
4 reproductive
What is a sensitizer?
a chemical that may not cause effect after the first exposure, but after prolonged exposure will cause a reaction.
What is the dose-response relationship?
probability of getting a disease increases with the dose
What is Paracelsus’ rule?
The dose makes the poison. Anything at a high enough dose can kill you. At the same time, there is a safe level for everything.
NOEL
No Observed Effect Level
Lowest dose at which you see no effect
NOAEL
No Observed Adverse Effect Level
Lowest dose at which you see no adverse effect
LOEL
Lowest Observed Effect Level
Lowest dose at which you see an effect
LOAEL
Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level
Lowest dose at which you see an adverse effect
What are No Threshold Risk Models used for
Ionizing radiation. Every exposure increases your probability of becoming sick. There is no safe level.
What are the facets of Incident Investigation?
- determine direct causes
- determine contributing factors
- helpl prevent similar accidents
- document facts
- provide information on costs
What are the causal factors that should be looked at during incident investigation?
- hazardous conditions
- environment
- people
- management
What are common mistakes that are made in incident investigations?
- focusing on a single cause
- narrow interpretation of environemental factors
- arriving at a conclusion before all factors are considered
- delay in investigation
- poor interviewing technique
What are the costs associated with an incident?
- actual damages
- lost wages
- time spent investigating the accident
- lost production time
What are some examples of “direct” costs associated with an incident?
medical, damaged equipment,
What are some examples of “indirect” costs associated with an incident?
increased absenteeism, reduced worker morale
How do you calculate the OSHA incident rate/total incidence case rate (TCIR)
(Total injuries/illness cases x 200,000) / hours worked by all employees in that time period
How do you calculate the DART Rate?
(# days away, restricted work, job transfer cases X 200,000) / hours worked by all employees
What is the severity rate for an incident?
(# of lost wordays x 200,000) / total hours worked
What does insurance protect against?
- assets
- personnel
- potential liability
- income loss
What are the sections of an insurance contract?
- declarations (what’s being covered)
- conditions (what has to be met to be covered)
- exclusions (what is not covered)
What is the significance of the EMR?
The EMR is the Experience Modification Rate. It is based on claims history for a company relative to industry norms.
EMR = 1.0 - company in line with industry norms
EMR < 1.0 - company claims lower than industry
EMR > 1.0 - company claims greater than industry
What does a warranty cover?
performance regarding implied or explicit claims
What does negligence cover?
conduct or behavior of person or corporation
What does strict liability cover?
unreasonably dangerous characteristics
What is implied warranty?
product must be fit to do what you want it to do (a hammer should be able to drive a nail)
What is express warranty?
The product must live up to claims made by manufacturer (the hammer is 10x more powerful than any other hammer)
What must a consumer prove to prove negligence?
- product was defective
- defect existed at time it left defendent’s hands
- defect caused injury or harm
- defendednt had duty to provide product free of defect and was negligent in performing duty
What must a consumer prove to prove a strict liability case?
- product was defective
- defect existed at time it left defendent’s hands
- defect caused injury or harm
What are the 4 parts of a legal contract?
- agreement (what)
- purpose (why)
- consideration (promise)
- competent parties (who)
Must have all parts to make a contract binding
What are the 8 facets of the BCSP Code of Ethics?
- HOLD paramount the safety and health of pepole, the protection of environment, and protection of property.
- BE honest, fair, and impartial; act with responsibiilty and integrity.
- ISSUE public statements only in an objective and truthful manner and only when founded upon knowledge of the facts and competence3 in the subject matter.
- UNDERTAKE assignments only when qualified by education or experience.
- AVOID deceptive acts that falsify or misrepresent academic or professional qualifications.
- CONDUCT professional relations by the highest standards of integrity and avoid compromise of professional judgement by conflicts of interest.
- ACT in a manner free of bias with regard to religion, ethnicity, gender, age, national origin, sexual orientation, or disability.
- SEEK opportunities to be of constructive service in civic affairs and work for the advancement of safety, health and well-being of the community and profession.
