Lecture 2

Question 1

Seizure

Answer 1

Abnormal neuronal activity.

Question 2

Epilepsy

Answer 2

Chronic condition of repeated seizures.

Question 3

EEG

Answer 3

reads voltage fluctuation in the brain.

Question 4

EKG

Answer 4

reads voltage fluctuation in the heart.

Question 5

EMG

Answer 5

reads voltage fluctuations in the muscle.

Question 6

Two approaches to treating epilepsy

Answer 6

Surgery and Drugs

Question 7

What would you do surgically to treat epilepsy?

Answer 7

Eliminate the seizure focal point or cut the corpus callosum.

Question 8

How would drugs be used to treat epilepsy?

Answer 8

Drugs can cause a use-dependent increase in the inactivation time of voltage-depedent Na+ channels. They also enhance GABAergic inhibition.

Question 9

Ion channels

Answer 9

Integral membrane proteins. Specific for a particular ion. Can open and close. They do not physically move the ions themselves, rather the ions move down a concentration gradient. Passive transport!

Question 10

Ion transporters

Answer 10

critical to maintaining concentration gradients of Na+ and K+ over time, but they are slow acting. Active transport! They move ions against the electrochemical gradient.