Lecture 2 Flashcards
What are the benefits and downfalls of CD methods? How do we address the downfall?
Highly effective in eliciting forms of production, but fail to generalize to real communication. Improve gen by increasing naturalness of CD activities and supplementing CD approaches with hybrid and CC approaches.
What are some CD approaches for phonology?
Discrimination, contrastive drills (min pairs, max opp), drill play (preferred form at this level), computer assisted drill.
CD approaches for semantics?
Many commercial programs available to work on concepts/vocab. Computer software uses drill or drill play format- positive affects on word learning, not dramatically different from traditional intervention. Good for teaching verbs.
CD approaches for syntax and morphology?
Have been used since the 70’s. Alternative to operant grammar training is to supplement more naturalistic methods with drill activities that elicit imitation of target forms. Most computer software targets only RECEPTIVE syntax and morphology.
What is ILS?
CC approach that provides contingent feedback, balanced turn taking letting the child lead, and extension of child’s topic.
What is a modified ILS?
Child centered play contexts, more contrived for dev stage. Specific goals are targeted and multiple models of forms are provided. If the child models clinicians narration- using the target form correctly or incorrectly, incorporate extension, expansion, recast, build up, etc….
What is recasts?
CC approach where you immediately recast the child’s utterance into a different syntactic form that retains the child’s meaning. Helps kids see how language rules work to provide several ways of expressing similar semantic relations. Works best on children who are already producing a few of the target forms in their own speech.
What are Language elicitation techniques?
CC- violating routines and expectations, withhold objects or turns, misuse objects, provide inapprop objects for activity, pass it on, guess what, strong/silent etc.
What is parent training?
CC approach, focus on specific language facilitation strategies, use multiple methods of instruction, use open ended questions, teach progression of skills in specific activities.
What is facilitated play? What does it enhance?
Highly motivating CC approach. Integrates content form and use. Encourages child to use everyday scripts to support new language use. Enhances turn taking, narrative, vocab, literacy, decontextualized lang, communicative intent.
What are the CC approaches?
Facilitate play, parent training, ILS, language elicitation techniques, recasts…
What are hybrid approaches?
More natural and child centered than CD, more structure and CC than facilited play/ILS.
What is the hybrid approach for phonology?
Cycling method is used- review targets, auditory bombardment, practice small number words, ID new words, repeat auditory bombardment, give parents list for home work.
What is focused stimulation? What does it target?
Hybrid approach to facilitate grammar acquisition in preschoolers. Focuses on specific forms and uses multiple models with a variety of forms of clinician feedback to stimulate goals. Forms used by the child less than fifty percent of time.
What is script therapy? How does it work? What does it help?
Hybrid approach. Reduces cognitive load by embedding it in context of a routine. Event structures like ordering food, grocery shopping… Play provides background, but focus is on using target language (new vocab/syntax). Props are used to act out, with clinician modeling script first. Client acts out and recites, trade roles, vary event structure, violate expected events… Helps to develop vocab and morphosyntax.
