lecture 2/3

Question 1

Miasma theory states that…

Answer 1

diseases (cholera, plague) were caused by “bad air” or “night air”

Question 2

What did Robert Hooke do? (3)

Answer 2

◦ Built the first compound lens microscope (~30x magnification)
◦ First to ‘see’ and record eukaryotic microbes;
gave birth to Microbiology
◦Coined the term “cell” from Latin cella,
which means small room after observing
cork tissue

Question 3

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek do? (2)

Answer 3

• Experimented magnifying lenses, up to
  500X magnification
• Became the first person to observe single-
  celled organisms, he called them
  “Animalcules”

Question 4

Spontaneous generation:

Answer 4

the theory that living creatures could arise from non-living matter

Question 5

Germ theory states that…

Answer 5

some diseases are caused by microorganisms

Question 6

Louis Pasteur showed…

Answer 6

microbes fail to appear spontaneously
using swan-necked flasks (1864)

◦ Major evidence in support of Germ Theory

Question 7

Louis Pasteur developed…

Answer 7

• First artificial vaccine (anthrax)
• pasteurization techniques for milk

Question 8

Robert Koch

Answer 8

Founder of the scientific method of microbiology

Question 9

Edward Jenner

Answer 9

First person to provide scientific evidence for the deliberate use of vaccination to control an infectious disease

Question 10

infection and disease concerns (4):

Answer 10

• Emergence & re-emergence of infectious diseases
• Changing susceptibilities
• Population density & Globalization
• Climate change / global warming

Question 11

Three domains of life

Answer 11

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Question 12

Phylogenetic:

Answer 12

Evolutionary development (descent) and
diversification of organisms from a common ancestor
* divergencies

Question 13

Endosymbiont theory:

Answer 13

• Theory to explain the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms