Lecture 2

Question 1

Watershed

Answer 1

topographic area of land collecting surface water and discharging into a stream at a given location

Question 2

Streamflow

Answer 2

gravity movement of water in channels (surface and sub-surface)

Question 3

What is a stream?

Answer 3

Carries out 3 processes
- Hydrological - consists of channelized flow (even if it is only a few days a year)
- Geomorphological - area of rapid sediment convey during flow
- Ecological - supports aquatic organisms

Question 4

Best methods to measure runoff?

Answer 4

1. Stream gauge measurements
2. Regional curves from gauge data
3. SCS method
4. Rational method
5. Hydrologic models

Question 5

factors affecting surface runoff (Q)

Answer 5

Meterological, physical and human

Question 6

Factors determining the hydraulic character of the drainage system?

Answer 6

Slope, hydraulic roughness, drainage area, storage, density, stream length, antecedent moisture condition, and vegetation and channel modifications

Question 7

Time of concentration (Tc)

Answer 7

time for all parts of the watershed to be contributing to the outlet i.e. flow along different slopes. All runoffs flow from the whole catchment to the stream or outlet