Lecture 2: Flashcards
Determine what type of canal is seen below?
Type I
Determine what type of canal is seen below?
Type II
Determine what type of canal is seen below?
Type III
Determine what type of canal is seen below?
Type IV
What are the 5 principles to shaping?
- A CONSTANTLY TAPERING FUNNEL from crown to WL
- CURVES OF CANAL RESPECTED without transportation
- Retention of the APICAL CONSTRICTION
- ENLARGEMENT OF THE CANAL SYSTEM to create clean white fillings
- ADEQUATE “DEEP SPACE” for proper obturation
List the 9 steps following proper access:
- Scouting (#10 hand file)
- Patency (#10 hand file)
- Working Length (#15 hand file) TIGHT file
- Glide path (#15 hand file) LOOSE file
—ONLY HAND FILES TO THIS POINT—
- Shaping of coronal 1/3 of canal (Wave One Gold)
- Shaping of middle 1/3 of canal (Wave one Gold)
- Perfecting straight-line-access to mid-root (.25/.12)
- Shaping of apical 1/3 of canal (Wave One Gold)
- Final shaping objective (Vortex blue)
When using hand files after the shaping of the apical 1/3 of canal with wave one gold, this process is called:
SSB - Serial Step Back
What file is used for scouting?
10
What file is used to find patency?
10
What motion should be used during scouting?
Watch winding
The gentle right and left rocking motion, which causes the instrument to cut while a light inward pressure (straight arrow) keeps the file engaged and progressing toward the apex.
Watch winding
When watch-winding, how many degrees each way?
30 degrees
The canal is ____ when a #10 file goes slightly beyond the canal exit (0.5mm)= Long- into the periodontal ligament
patent
The ____ will help us locate the canal exit clinically
apex locator
Patency is maintained by:
recapitulation
Patency is maintained by recapitulation- which is:
irrigating and revisiting potency after wave one with #10 file
When trying to obtain patency, if there is TIGHT resistance to apical advancement, you probably have:
small canal
When trying obtain patency, if there is LOOSE resistance to apical advancement, you have encountered a ____ .
canal curvatures
All shaping is done at:
WL
What is the reference point for anteriors?
incisal edge
What is the reference point for posteriors?
cusp for which canal is named
On the apex locator, what denotes patency?
single red line
How do you tell if canals converge or are simply 2 canals in close proximity?
The 2 file technique
What is being described below?
- Establish working length of “each canal” separately
- Attempt to place 2 files to WL in each canal at the same time
- If both go to working length this means 2 canals
- If one goes to WL and the other is short, reverse the placement sequence, and if one is still still short this means you have a converging class II canals
2 File technique (to determine if there are 2 canals in close proximity or if canals converge)
To determine if there are 2 canals in close proximity or if canals converge:
If both files go to working length:
2 canals
To determine if there are 2 canals in close proximity or if canals converge:
Only one file goes to WL:
canals converge
You should create a smooth glide path only after:
WL is confirmed with #15 handfile
List the purposes of creating a smooth glide path (3)
- smooth curves & make sure no canal obstructions
- create space for rotary instruments
- to relieve stress on tip of rotary file (minimize fracture risk)
The glide path is created using:
hand files (pre-curved to match or slightly exceed the curvature of the canal); watch-winding motion
What motion do we use when using Wave One Gold to shape the canals?
light “pecking” motion
When do we perfect the straight-line access to mid-root?
following 2nd 1/3 of shaping (with wave one)
What do we use to perfect straight-line access to mid-root?
.25/.12 orfice opener
What files are used for the final shaping and smoothing of the canal?
Vortex blue files
Radiographs will generally show ___ & ___ curves
mesial & distal
____ & ___ curves will usually NOT be seen on the radiograph
facial & lingual
A bullseye indicates:
root tip severely turns to facial or lingual
What can happen when we place a straight hand file in a curved canal?
ledges and blockages
A ledge can be the first step to ___ or ___
blockage or transportation (outside wall)
_____ of apex occurs within the root. This may also be called ___.
Transportation; zip
If a zip occurs through the apex to the exterior of the root, we have:
apical strip perforation
Occurs when files used are either too large or toot aggressively used for a small or thin walled canal:
Strip-perforation
Strip perforations communal occurs on the distal or mesial root of _____, and MF of ____ & ____
lower molars; upper molars & 2 canal PMs
