Lecture 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What of the following is NOT a fundamental neural cell type in the mammalian nervous system?
A) Neuron
B) Astrocyte
C) Red blood cell
D) Microglia

A

C

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2
Q

The term “neuron” was coined by:
A) Albert Einstein
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz
D) Marie Curie

A

C

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3
Q

Which cellular component is responsible for myelinating axons in the peripheral nervous system?
A) Oligodendrocyte
B) Astrocyte
C) Schwann cell
D) Microglia

A

C

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4
Q

Glial cells in the nervous system:
A) Provide structural support only.
B) Do not play a role in regulating neurotransmitter levels.
C) Can act as stem cells in some cases.
D) Are not involved in immune responses.

A

C

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5
Q

What is the main function of astrocytes in the nervous system?
A) Transmit electrical signals.
B) Regulate blood flow.
C) Phagocytose debris.
D) Provide structural support.

A

B

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6
Q

Microglia are responsible for:
A) Myelination of axons.
B) Maintaining ion homeostasis.
C) Immune responses in the nervous system.
D) Transmitting action potentials.

A

C

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7
Q

The structure that physically separates blood from neurons in the brain is known as the:
A) Blood-brain barrier
B) Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
C) Ventricular barrier
D) Arachnoid barrier

A

A

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8
Q

What is the primary function of the choroid plexus in the ventricular system?
A) Myelination
B) Production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
C) Blood flow regulation
D) Immune responses

A

B

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9
Q

Ependymal cells in the ventricular system:
A) Have tight junctions that prevent CSF from equilibrating with brain tissue.
B) Line the surfaces of blood vessels.
C) Are responsible for producing myelin.
D) Assist in CSF flow with cilia and microvilli.

A

D

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10
Q

Which of the following staining methods is commonly used to visualize cellular structures in fixed brain tissue sections?
A) Fluorescence microscopy
B) Nissl staining
C) Confocal microscopy
D) In situ hybridization

A

B

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11
Q

Which of the following is NOT a common fluorescent label used in cell biology research?
A) Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)
B) Fluorescein
C) Cy3
D) Hematoxylin

A

D

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12
Q

Genetically encoded calcium indicators are often used to study:
A) Protein synthesis
B) Membrane potential
C) Calcium ion dynamics in live cells
D) DNA replication

A

C

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13
Q

In immunohistochemistry (IHC), what is the primary purpose of using antibodies?
A) To genetically modify cells
B) To detect specific proteins in fixed tissue samples
C) To stain nucleic acids
D) To label cell membranes

A

B

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14
Q

What is the main advantage of confocal microscopy in cellular imaging?
A) High-resolution imaging of live cells
B) Low cost and simplicity
C) Visualization of fixed tissues only
D) Elimination of out-of-focus light

A

D

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15
Q

In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to:
A) Detect specific mRNA molecules in preserved tissue samples.
B) Label proteins in live cells.
C) Measure intracellular calcium levels.
D) Study DNA replication.

A

A

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16
Q

What is the purpose of a Golgi stain in histology?
A) To label specific proteins in cells.
B) To stain cell nuclei.
C) To visualize cell membranes.
D) To reveal the morphology of neurons

A

D

17
Q

Fluorescent probes for cell structure are often used to label:
A) Calcium ions
B) Membrane potential
C) Organelles and cell components
D) DNA replication sites

A

C

18
Q

Which technique is best suited for visualizing the distribution of specific mRNA molecules in tissue sections?
A) Confocal microscopy
B) In situ hybridization (ISH)
C) Fluorescence microscopy
D) Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

A

B

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24
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