Lecture 2

Question 1

Epidemiological studies

Answer 1

Groups with different rates of disease differ in their demographic characteristics,genetic or immunologic behavior,environmental exposures or potential risk

Question 2

Disease ?

Answer 2

Broad array of health conditions that we seek to understand and modify including physiologic states , mental health ,entire spectrum of human disease (outcome variable)

Question 3

Public health surveillance?

Answer 3

Systemic collection ,analysis,interpretation,dissemination of health data to help public health decision making and action
Purpose of public ;1)portray the ongoing pattern of disease occurrence

Question 4

The objectives of investigations

Answer 4

*identification of unreported or unrecognized ill person
*identify a source of vehicle of infection that can be controlled or eliminated

Question 5

Analytic studies

Answer 5

To perform analytic epidemiologist must be skilled in all aspects including :
Design,conduct,analysis ,interpretation,communication of findings

Question 6

Epidemiological research

Answer 6

Based on the ability to quantify the occurrence of disease

Question 7

Case definition?

Answer 7

A set of standard criteria of classifying whether a person has particular disease
Study purpose it is important to standardize the case definition

Question 8

Steps in epidemiological approach

Answer 8

1-decide what a case by developing a case definition
2-using definition to finds and collect information about the case
3-performs descriptive epi by characterizing the cases collectively time,place,person
4-calculate the disease rate
5-compares the rate in appropriate comparison group using analytic epidemiology,so identify factors contributing to this increase