Lecture 2

Question 1

monophyletic

Answer 1

meaning a true phylogenetic tree with determined common ancestors for each species

Question 2

MRCA

Answer 2

most recent common ancestor

Question 3

metazoa

Answer 3

animals

Question 4

bilateria

Answer 4

insects

Question 5

aristotle’s rules of taxonomy

Answer 5

did not consider evolutionary history (time, descent), sorting animals based on whether they had red blood, or thin hard shells (segmented)

Question 6

phylogeny definition

Answer 6

a hypothesis depicting evolutionary history, explicitly about descent with modification

Question 7

“life”

Answer 7

living commonly

Question 8

“domain”

Answer 8

multicelluar

Question 9

“kingdom”

Answer 9

(metazoans) heterotrophic, meaning they get energy from eating

Question 10

“phylum”

Answer 10

bilarerally symmetric, 3 tissue layers in development, central nervous system. the modern specifications of an insect

Question 11

dueterastomia

Answer 11

developing their mouth before anus
“mouth second”

Question 12

ecdysozoans

Answer 12

type of animal that molts in order to grow

Question 13

scleratized

Answer 13

hardened exoskeleton

Question 14

chelicerae

Answer 14

appendages in Arachnida modified into pincing mouthparts extending from the head.

Question 15

forcipules

Answer 15

modified appendages of Myriapoda, centipedes capable of injecting venom.

Question 16

what percentage of species on earth are insects?

Answer 16

52%