Lecture 2

Question 1

Earth’s Internal Structure

Answer 1

Inner Core- extremely hot and solid. Asthenosphere (upper mantle) is composed of solid, hot magma with some flow. Lithosphere is a thin and brittle crust.

Question 2

Mechanisms of Plate boundries

Answer 2

Divergent, Convergent, Transform and Plate boundary zone.

Question 3

what is the motor

Answer 3

the mantle . Plate movement is driven by mantle convection

Question 4

Describe the rock cycle

Answer 4

Metamorphic- metamorphism- melting and metamorphism and internal heat causes igneous rocks- weathering and erosion creates sediments- deposition and lithification creates sedimentary rocks. metamorphism creates metamorphic`

Question 5

The alkali feldspar

Answer 5

is Any of the group of feldspars rich in sodium and/or potassium. low is silica and temperature and water rich.

Question 6

Hyrdrologic cycle

Answer 6

Movement of water from oceans to atmosphere and back. solar energy drives movement of water.

Question 7

Biogeochemical cycle

Answer 7

Combines the three previous cycles. transfer of chemical elements through a series of reservoirs. many important chem.ical elements are not well understood. (C,N,P)

Question 8

EarthQuakes how many events 1963-1998

Answer 8

358,214 events

Question 9

types of volcanoe

Answer 9

subduction zones, mid-ocean ridges and hot spots (flood basalts)

Question 10

Jet stream

Answer 10

A narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth.

Question 11

fundamental concepts for understanding natural processess

Answer 11

1. Hazards are predictable from scientific evaluation.2 risk analysis is an important component in our understanding of the effects of hazardous processes. Linkages exist between different natural hazards as well as between hazards and the physical environment. Hazardous events that previously produced disasters are now producing catastrophes. consequences of hazards can be minimized.